For two centuries, travellers were amazed at the massive buildings found along the rivers that flow from the mountainous interior of Borneo. They concentrated hundreds of people under one roof, in the middle of empty rainforests. There was no practical necessity for this arrangement, and it remains a mystery. In this 2010 book Peter Metcalf provides an answer by showing the historical context, using both oral histories and colonial records. The key factor was a pre-modern trading system that funneled rare and exotic jungle products to China via the ancient coastal city of Brunei. Meanwhile the elite manufactured goods traded upriver shaped the political and religious institutions of longhouse society. However, the apparent permanence of longhouses was an illusion. In historical terms, longhouse communities were both mobile and labile, and the patterns of ethnicity they created more closely resemble the contemporary world than any stereotype of 'tribal' societies.
• It is an integrated account of a whole region: dealing in the same framework with aspects of politics, trade, and religion • It melds ethnographic and historical data, the former from first-hand research in central Borneo, the latter from colonial and missionary records • It is the first study that directly answers the question: why do people in central Borneo live in longhouses?
Contents
Introduction: the problem: ethnicity and community; Part I. Longhouses: 1. Longhouses; 2. Longhouse communities; 3. The coming of the Brooke Raj; Part II. Longhouses and Leaders: 4. Aban Jau's career; 5. Aban Jau's successors; Part III. Longhouses and Trade: 6. The sultan's fence; 7. Pre-modern upriver trade; Part IV. Longhouse Populations: 8. The linguistic data; 9. Disease, slavery, assimilation, annihilation; Part V. Longhouses and Ritual: 10. The ritual consensus; 11. The ritual operator; 12. The impresarios of the ancestors; Part VI. Longhouses and the State: 13. Longhouses during the Raj; 14. Longhouses after the Raj; Conclusion: the general and the particular.
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