The past decades have seen enormous changes in our perceptions of 'security', the causes of insecurity and the measures adopted to address them. Threats of terrorism and the impacts of globalisation and mass migration have shaped our identities, politics and world views. This volume of essays analyses these shifts in thinking and, in particular, critically engages with the concept of 'human security' from legal, international relations and human rights perspectives. Contributors consider the special circumstances of non-citizens, such as refugees, migrants, and displaced and stateless persons, and assess whether, conceptually and practically, 'human security' helps to address the multiple challenges they face.
• Provides a critical review of the emerging concept of human security within the specific context of displacement, migration and counter-terrorism • Interdisciplinary approach to theories of security will appeal to lawyers, international relations scholars and policy makers who wish to understand modern security debates in context • Analyses the different contexts of displacement and migration, helping the reader understand the causes and consequences of displacement and migration
Contents
Part I. Human Security, Human Rights, and Human Dignity: 1. Humanising non-citizens: the convergence of human rights and human security Alice Edwards and Carla Ferstman; Part II. Physical and Legal Security, Armed Conflict and Refuge: 2. The value of the human security framework in addressing statelessness Mark Manly and Laura Van Waas; 3. Protection and empowerment: strategies to strengthen refugees' human security Frances Nicholson; 4. From here to where? Refugees living in protracted situations in Africa Edwin Odhiambo Abuya; 5. Once we were warriors: critical reflections on refugee and IDP militarisation and human security Robert Muggah; 6. Human security and protection from refoulement in the maritime context Barbara Miltner; Part III. Migration, Development and Environment: 7. Empowering migrants: human security, human rights, and policy Pia Oberoi; 8. Labour migration management and the rights of migrant workers Ryszard Cholewinski; 9. Socio-economic rights, human security, and survival migrants: whose rights? Whose security? Eve Lester; 10. An insecure climate for human security? Climate-induced displacement and international law Jane McAdam and Ben Saul; 11. Human security and trafficking of human beings: the myth and the reality Ryszard Piotrowicz; Part IV. National Security and the 'War on Terror': 12. A distinction with a legal difference: the consequences of non-citizenship in the 'War on Terror' Craig Forcese; 13. Immigration law enforcement after 9/11 and human rights Daniel Moeckli; 14. Protection of non-citizens against removal under international human rights law Vesselina Vandova; 15. The human security framework and counter terrorism: examining the rhetoric relating to 'extraordinary renditions' Carla Ferstman; 16. Legal routes to restoring individual rights at Guantanamo Bay: the effectiveness of Habeas Corpus applications and efforts to obtain diplomatic protection Lorna McGregor.
Reviews
'A very fine set of essays! Many of those writing span both academic and practitioner worlds, making this a particularly valuable and accessible volume.' Professor Gil Loescher, University of Oxford
'Might a paradigm shift make a positive difference in the lives of non-citizens? Alice Edwards and Carla Ferstman believe that it might. They argue that the emerging concept of 'human security' – focusing attention on the security of people rather than of states, and implemented via human development rather than by armed force – should be relied on to 'plug some of the gaps' in the current human rights-based legal framework. Most essays in this wide-ranging collection explore the extent of the 'protection gap' – for example, in relation to stateless persons, migrant workers, and those in flight from climate-induced harm. They expose the risks faced even by refugees subjected to extraterritorial deterrence or left to languish in desperate circumstances. And most pointedly, this book makes clear that the fixation with traditional state-based notions of security over the last decade has made a difficult situation for non-citizens that much worse. The tough question is whether a solution to these protection gaps is to be found in – or at least, by partial reliance on – the international community's highly constrained embrace of the 'human security' paradigm. The editors' own claim that the new framework has the potential to 'humanise non-citizens' is neatly balanced by other chapters that illustrate the risk that this embryonic political project 'will come to overshadow, dilute or erode the norms it is supposed to be uplifting.' Should those of us concerned to protect non-citizens draw on 'human security' as force for good, or seek to constrain its potential to erode rights-based norms? The thoughtful essays in this volume launch this critical debate in a compelling way.' James C. Hathaway, University of Michigan
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