Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-13T10:55:47.722Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Processing of complementary food does not increase hair zinc levels and growth of infants in Kilosa district, rural Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Carl K. Lachat ,
John H. Van Camp ,
Peter S. Mamiro ,
Francis Obuoro Wayua ,
Anne S. Opsomer ,
Dominique A. Roberfroid  and
Patrick W. Kolsteren
Carl K. Lachat
Affiliation:
Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nutrition and Child Health Unit, Department of Public Health, Nationalestraat 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium Ghent University, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Belgium
John H. Van Camp
Affiliation:
Ghent University, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Belgium
Peter S. Mamiro
Affiliation:
Sokoine University of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Morogoro, Tanzania
Francis Obuoro Wayua
Affiliation:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Arid Lands Research Centre, Marsabit, Kenya
Anne S. Opsomer
Affiliation:
Ghent University, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Belgium
Dominique A. Roberfroid
Affiliation:
Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nutrition and Child Health Unit, Department of Public Health, Nationalestraat 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
Patrick W. Kolsteren*
Affiliation:
Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nutrition and Child Health Unit, Department of Public Health, Nationalestraat 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium Ghent University, Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Patrick W. Kolsteren, fax + 32 3 2476543, email pkolsteren@itg.be
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A community-based, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted from March 2001 to March 2002 in Kilosa, a rural district of Morogoro Region in Tanzania. One hundred and fifty-eight infants were selected randomly from lists of local Maternal and Child Health Care Centres and received either processed complementary food (PCF) or unprocessed complementary food (UPCF) from age 6 to 12 months. Processing increased Zn solubility and energy density of the porridge prepared from the complementary food (CF) as determined in vitro. Phytate:Zn molar ratio of the PCF and UPCF was 25·8 and 47·5, respectively. Under the study conditions, the processing of CF did not improve Zn status as measured by hair analysis. No significant correlations were found between hair Zn values and anthropometric measurements. Our findings suggest that processing alone of cereal-based CF may be insufficient to ensure an adequate supply of Zn to improve growth and Zn status of infants. Dietary modification to tackle Zn deficiencies in similar target groups may therefore only be successful when other Zn-rich foods such as meat and fish are included.

Keywords

Complementary foodZinc statusInfant growthTanzania
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 174 - 180
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

References

Agte, VV, Gokhale, MK& Chiplonkar, SAEffect of natural fermentation on in vitro zinc bioavailability in cereal—legume mixtures. Int J Food Sci Technol (1997) 32 29–32Google Scholar
Bates, CJ, Evans, PH, Dardenne, M et al. A trial of zinc supplementation in young rural Gambian children. Br J Nutr (1993) 69 243–255CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, K, Dewey, K & Allen, LComplementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries: A Review of Current Scientific Knowledge. Geneva: World Health Organization. (1998)Google Scholar
Davidsson, LApproaches to improve iron bioavailability from complementary foods. J Nutr (2003) 133 Suppl.1560S–1562SGoogle Scholar
Dombovari, J & Papp, LComparison of sample preparationmethods for elemental analysis of human hair. Microchem J (1998) 59 187–193CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erdfelder, E, Faul, F & Buchner, AGpower. A general power analysis program. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput (1996) 28 111CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, E, Gibson, R, Opare-obisaw, C, Ounpuu, S, Thompson, LU & Lehrfeld, JThe zinc nutriture of preschool children living in two African countries. J Nutr (1993) 123 1487–1496Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization Cereals and grain products.In Food Composition Table for Use in Africa, 98–101 US Department of Health Education and Welfare RomeFAO (1984)Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization. Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements, Report of a Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation, Bangkok, Thailand. Rome: FAO (2002)Google Scholar
Friis, H, Ndhlovu, P, Mdluza, T, Kaondera, K, Sandstrom, B, Michaelsen, K, Vennervald, B & Christensen, NThe impact of zinc supplementation on growth and body composition: a randomized, controlled trial among rural Zimbabwean schoolchildren. Eur J Clin Nutr (1997) 51 38–45CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibson, RSZinc supplementation for infants. Lancet (2000) 355 2008–2009CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibson, RSPrinciples of Nutritional Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press. (2004)Google Scholar
Gibson, RS & Ferguson, ELNutrition intervention strategies to combat zinc deficiency in developing countries. Nutr Res Rev (1998) 11 115–131CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibson, RS, Ferguson, EF, Vanderkooy, PDS & MacDonald, ACSeasonal variations in hair zinc concentrations in Canadian and African children. Sci Total Environ (1989) 84 291–298Google Scholar
Gibson, RS, Ferguson, EL & Lehrfeld, JComplementary foods for infant feeding in developing countries: their nutrient adequacy and improvement. Eur J Clin Nutr (1998) 52 764–770Google Scholar
Gibson, RS, Heath, A-LM & Ferguson, ELRisk of suboptimal iron and zinc nutriture among adolescent girls in Australia and New Zealand: causes, consequences, and solutions. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr (2002) 11 Suppl S543–S552CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrison, W, Yuracheck, J & Benson, CThe determination of trace elements in human hair by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Clin Chim Acta (1969) 23 83–91Google Scholar
Hautvast, JLA, Tolboom, JJM, Kafwembe, EM, Musonda, RM, Mwanakasale, V, van Staveren, WA, van't Hof, MA, Sauerwein, RW, Willems, JL & Monnens, LAHSevere linear growth retardation in rural Zambian children: the influence of biological variables. Am J Clin Nutr (2000) 71 550–559CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hotz, C & Brown, KHAssessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control. International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group.Food Nutr Bull (2004) 25 S91S204Google Scholar
Hotz, C, Gibson, R & Temple, TA home-based method to reduce phytate content and increase zinc bioavailability in maizebased complementary diets. Int J Food Sci Nutr (2001) 52 133–142Google Scholar
Hotz, C, Lowe, NM, Araya, M & Brown, KHAssessment of the trace element status of individuals and populations: the example of zinc and copper. J Nutr (2003) 133 Suppl 1563S–1568SGoogle Scholar
Kimanya, ME, Mamiro, PRS, Van Camp, J, Devlieghere, F, Opsomer, A, Kolsteren, P & Debevere, JGrowth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus during germination and drying of finger millet and kidney beans. Int J Food Sci Technol (2003) 38 119–125Google Scholar
King, JC, Shames, DM & Woodhouse, LRZinc homeostasis in humans. J Nutr (2000) 130 Suppl 1360S–1366SGoogle Scholar
Kolsteren, PW, Kardjati, S, Traissac, P & Goyens, PHair zinc and copper in Indonesian infants. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr (1998) 7 151–159Google ScholarPubMed
Kumar, A & Chauhan, BMEffects of phytic acid on protein digestibility (in-vitro) and HCl-extractability of minerals in pearlmillet sprouts. Cereal Chem (1993) 70 504–506Google Scholar
Lartey, A, Manu, A, Brown, KH, Peerson, JM & Dewey, KGA randomized, community-based trial of the effects of improved, centrally processed complementary foods on growth and micronutrient status of Ghanaian infants from 6 to 12mo of age. Am J Clin Nutr (1999) 70 391–404Google Scholar
Lee, DY, Prasad, AS, Hydrickadair, C, Brewer, G & Johnson, PEHomeostasis of zinc in marginal human zinc-deficiency — role of absorption and endogenous excretion of zinc. J Lab Clin Med (1993) 122 549–556Google ScholarPubMed
Lind, T, Lonnerdal, B, Stenlund, H, Ismail, D, Seswandhana, R, Ekstrom, EC & Persson, LAA community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants:interactions between iron and zinc. Am J Clin Nutr (2003) 77 883–890CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mamiro, PS, Kolsteren, PW, Van Camp, J, Roberfroid, DA, Tatala, S & Opsomer, ASProcessed complementary food does not improve growth or hemoglobin status of rural Tanzanian infants from 6–12months of age in Kilosa district, Tanzania. J Nutr (2004) 134 1084–1090CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manary, MJ, Hotz, C, Krebs, NF, Gibson, RS, Westcott, JE, Arnold, T, Broadhead, RL & Hambidge, KMDietary phytate reduction improves zinc absorption in Malawian children recovering from tuberculosis but not in well children. J Nutr (2000) 130 2959–2964Google Scholar
Mbithi-Mwikya, S, Van Camp, J, Mamiro, P, Ooghe, W, Kolsteren, PW& Huyghebaert, AEvaluation of the nutritional characteristics of a finger millet based complementary food. J Agric Food Chem (2002) 50 3030–3036Google Scholar
Meeks Garner, J, Witter, M & Ramdath, DZinc supplementation:effects on growth and morbidity of undernourished Jamaican children. Eur J Clin Nutr (1998) 52 34–39Google Scholar
Michaelsen, K & Friis, HComplementary feeding: a global perspective. Nutrition (1998) 14 763–766CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michaelsen, KF & Jorgensen, MHDietary-fat content and energy density during infancy and childhood — the effect on energy-intake and growth. Eur J Clin Nutr (1995) 49 467–483Google ScholarPubMed
Salgueiro, MJ, Zubillaga, MB, Lysionek, AE, Caro, RA, Weill, R & Boccio, JRThe role of zinc in the growth and development of children. Nutrition (2002) 18 510–519Google Scholar
Umeta, M, West, CE, Haidar, J, Deurenberg, P & Hautvast, JGAJZinc supplementation and stunted infants in Ethiopia: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2000) 355 2021–2026Google Scholar
Wade, MS & Sinclair, RDDisorders of hair in infants and children other than alopecia. Clin Dermatol (2002) 20 16–28CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, RJAssessment of marginal zinc status in humans. J Nutr (2000) 130 Suppl 1350S–1354Google Scholar
World Health Organization Trace Elements in Human Nutrition and Health. Geneva: WHO. (1996)Google Scholar
World Health Organization The World Health Report:Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. Geneva: WHO. (2002)Google Scholar