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Biogeography of the Cinara cupressi complex (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Cupressaceae, with description of a pest species introduced into Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

G.W. Watson ,
D.J. Voegtlin ,
S.T. Murphy  and
R.G. Foottit
G.W. Watson*
Affiliation:
CABI Bioscience UK Centre (Egham), Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK
D.J. Voegtlin
Affiliation:
Center for Biodiversity, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61820-6970, USA
S.T. Murphy
Affiliation:
CABI Bioscience UK Centre (Ascot), Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7TA, UK
R.G. Foottit
Affiliation:
Biological Resources Research Program, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, C.E.F., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
*
* Fax: 0171 938 8937 E-mail: g.watson@nhm.ac.uk
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Abstract

In recent decades, aphids identified as Cinara cupressi (Buckton) have seriously damaged commercial and ornamental plantings and native stands of Cupressus, Juniperus, Widdringtonia and other Cupressaceae in Africa, Italy, Jordan, Yemen, Mauritius and Colombia. Aphids currently identified as Cinara cupressiappear to belong to a species complex. This work was undertaken to identify the pest, its likely area of origin and any specific natural enemies, to facilitate a biological control programme. The biogeography of the species complex was studied using morphometric analysis of specimens from all the major regions where they have been collected, and analysis of host-plant ranges, parasitoid records and host association information. The cause of tree damage is shown to be an unnamed species, here described as C. (Cupressobium) cupressivora Watson & Voegtlin sp. n., which probably originated on Cupressus sempervirens in a region from eastern Greece to just south of the Caspian Sea. The remainder of the complex, Cinara cupressisensu lato, apparently consists of three morphologically similar species (C. sabinae(Gillette & Palmer) and C. cupressi (Buckton), probably originating in North America, and an unidentified species). There is insufficient data available to separate these taxa, or to determine the status of C. canadensis Hottes & Bradley, so C. sabinae and C. canadensis are left in synonymy under C. cupressi (Buckton). Lachniella tujae del Guercio and L. juniperi signata del Guercio, thought to be part of the C. cupressi complex, were found to be junior synonyms of C. tujafilina (del Guercio); these new synonymies are proposed and lectotypes of L. tujae and L. juniperi signataare designated.

Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 89 , Issue 3 , March 1999 , pp. 271 - 283
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

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