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ANTIBIOSIS OF PREFERRED AND NON-PREFERRED HOST-PLANTS FOR THE FLEA BEETLE, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. Palaniswamy ,
R.J. Lamb  and
R.P. Bodnaryk
P. Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.P. Bodnaryk
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
*
2Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

The antibiosis of crucifers to flea beetles, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), was compared for Brassica juncea L., B. napus L., and B. rapa L. with low antixenosis, B. carinata L. and Sinapis alba L. with moderate antixenosis, and Thlaspi arvense L. with high antixenosis. Adult flea beetles collected from the field in early spring fed actively on intact or excised leaves of all plants except T. arvense. The beetles survived, and gained weight and fat on the Brassica species and S. alba, but not on intact foliage of T. arvense. No antibiosis was detected in any of the Brassica species or in S. alba. Intact foliage of T. arvense was so antixenotic that beetles probably starved rather than suffered from antibiosis. A low level of antibiosis was detected in excised foliage of T. arvense where the antixenosis was lost. These experiments show that estimates of beetle survival, dry weight, and fat content can be used in the laboratory to test small numbers of candidate plants for antibiosis. However, the level of antibiosis appears to vary less among Brassica species and related plants than does the level of antixenosis, and so the latter is a more promising type of resistance for use against flea beetles in canola.

Résumé

L’antibiose contre l’Altise des crucifères, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), a été comparée chez diverses cmcifères, Brassica juncea L., B. napus L., et B. rapa L. à faible antixénose, chez B. carinata L. et Sinapis alba L. à antixénose moyenne et chez Thlaspi arvense L. à antixénose forte. Les altises adultes récoltées en nature tôt au printemps se sont nourries de feuilles intactes ou excisées de toutes les plantes sauf T. arvense. Les coléoptères ont survécu, subi des gains de masse et de graisses sur les espèces de Brassica et sur S. alba, mais par sur le feuillage intact de T. arvense. Aucune antibiose n’a été détectée chez les espèces de Brassica ou chez S. alba. Le feuillage intact de T. arvense était doté d’une telle antixénose que les coléoptères ont probablement évité de manger et n’ont pas subi l’antibiose. Une faible antibiose a été détectée dans le feuillage excisé de T. arvense où il n’y avait plus d’antixénose. Ces expériences démontrent que les estimations de la survie des altises, leur masse sèche et leur contenu en graisses peuvent être utilisés en laboratoire pour mesurer l’antibiose de petits nombres de plantes particulières. Cependant, l’importance de l’antibiose semble varier moins chez les diverses espèces de Brassica et autres plantes apparentées que l’importance de l’antixénose et il semble donc que l’antibiose représente un type plus prometteur de résistance contre les altises dans les plantations de colza.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 1 , February 1997 , pp. 43 - 49
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

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Footnotes

1

Winnipeg Research Centre Contribution No. 1583.

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