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Foliage architecture explains oviposition preference of spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) for white spruce over balsam fir

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Gary G. Grant
Gary G. Grant
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5 (e-mail: ggrant@nrcan.gc.ca)
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Abstract

I conducted dual-choice oviposition bioassays to test the hypothesis that spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), prefer the foliage architecture (spatial arrangement of foliage needles) of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss; Pinaceae) to that of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.; Pinaceae). Needles of white spruce radiate around the twig axis, giving the foliage a round architecture. Needles of balsam fir typically radiate bilaterally from the twig axis, giving the foliage a flat architecture, although on some trees foliage needles radiate around the twig axis, giving the foliage a round architecture. In bioassays, females showed a 2.4:1 preference for white spruce over "flat" balsam fir foliage, but this preference was reduced significantly to a 1.2:1 ratio when balsam fir had a round architecture. Given a choice between "round" and "flat" balsam fir foliage, females preferred the "round" foliage by a 2.2:1 margin. A similar preference for the round architecture was also observed when artificial (plastic) foliage with the two types of needle arrangements were compared. I conclude that the spatial arrangement of foliage needles is a major factor responsible for the oviposition preference of spruce budworm for white spruce over balsam fir.

Résumé

Des bioessais de ponte à double choix ont servi à vérifier l'hypothèse selon laquelle la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), préfère l'architecture du feuillage (l'arrangement spatial des aiguilles du feuillage) de l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss; Pinaceae) à celle du sapin baumier (Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.; Pinaceae). Les aiguilles de l'épinette blanche rayonnent autour de l'axe de la ramille, ce qui donne au feuillage une structure architecturale arrondie. Les aiguilles du sapin baumier s'étendent typiquement de chaque côté de l'axe de la ramille, ce qui donne une structure architecturale aplatie, bien que sur certains arbres les aiguilles du feuillage rayonnent autour de l'axe de la ramille, créant ainsi une structure architecturale arrondie. Dans les bioessais, les femelles montrent une préférence de 2,4:1 pour l'épinette blanche plutôt que pour le feuillage « aplati » du sapin baumier; cette préférence est réduite à 1,2:1 lorsque l'architecture foliaire du sapin baumier est « arrondie ». Dans un choix entre le feuillage « arrondi » et « aplati » du sapin baumier, les femelles préfèrent le feuillage « arrondi » par une facteur de 2,2:1. Une préférence semblable se manifeste pour la structure architecturale arrondie lors de comparaisons faites avec du feuillage artificiel (en plastique) présentant les deux types d'arrangement des aiguilles. On peut en conclure que l'arrangement spatial des aiguilles du feuillage est un facteur important pour expliquer la préférence de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette pour l'épinette blanche plutôt que pour le sapin baumier comme site de ponte.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Issue 2 , April 2006 , pp. 198 - 204
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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