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A SURVEY OF PREDATORY MITES IN ONTARIO APPLE ORCHARDS WITH DIVERSE PESTICIDE PROGRAMS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

H.M.A. Thistlewood
H.M.A. Thistlewood
Affiliation:
Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Vineland Research Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
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Abstract

Leaves were collected between 28 July and 10 September from 36 (1986) and 85 (1987) apple orchards, and examined for mites. Twelve species of Phytoseiidae were found: Amblyseius fallacis (Garman), Typhlodromus longipilus Nesbitt, A. andersoni (Chant), T. caudiglans Schuster, T. pyri Scheuten, T. pomi (Parrott), Phytoseius macropilis (Banks), T. herbertae Chant, A. driggeri Specht, A. finlandicus (Oudemans), T. conspicuus (Garman), and A. pusillus (Kennett), in order of frequency. The stigmaeid mites Zetzellia mali (Ewing) and Agistemus fleschneri Summers, a complex of erythraeid mites of Balaustium spp. and Hauptmannia spp., and tydeid mites, primarily Tydeus spp., were other common predatory species. Species of Tetranychidae, Bdellidae, Eriophyidae, Winterschmidtiidae, and Tarsonemidae, also were collected.

Predatory mites were present each season in all abandoned orchards and in 43–74% of the commercial orchards. Their abundance in commercial orchards was compared with the use of insecticides applied only for control of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.). Fewer (P < 0.05) phytoseiids occurred where pyrethroids were employed than in sites without pyrethroids, but differences were not found for similar use of the carbamoyl oxime, methomyl. Fewer (P < 0.05) stigmaeids occurred in sites treated with methomyl than in sites without methomyl, whereas such differences were not found for pyrethroid use.

Résumé

Des feuilles de pommiers ont été prélevées entre le 28 juillet et le 10 septembre dans 36 vergers en 1986 et 85 vergers en 1987, et les acariens y ont été dénombrés. Douze espèces de Phytoseiidae ont été identifiées : ce sont, par ordre de fréquence, Amblyseius fallacis (Garman), Typhlodromus longipilus Nesbitt, A. andersoni (Chant), T. caudiglans Schuster, T. pyri Scheuten, T. pomi (Parrott), Phytoseius macropilis (Banks), T. herbertae Chant. A. driggeri Specht, A. finlandicus (Oudemans), T. conspicuus (Garman), et A. pusillus (Kennett). Des Stigmaeidae, Zetzellia mali (Ewing) et Agistemus fleschneri Summers, un complexe d’Erythraeidae des genres Balaustium et Hauptmannia, et des Tydeidae, surtout du genre Tydeus, comptaient aussi parmi les espèces prédatrices communes. Des Tetranychidae, des Bdellidae, des Eriophyidae, des Winterschmidtiidae et des Tarsonemidae ont également été identifiés.

Des acariens prédateurs ont été inventoriés à chaque saison dans tous les vergers abandonnés et dans 43–74% des vergers commerciaux. Leur abondance dans les vergers commerciaux a été évaluée en fonction des insecticides utilisés exclusivement dans le but de contrôler la mineuse Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.). Il y avait moins de phytoseiidés (P < 0,05) là où des pyréthroïdes avaient été utilisés que dans les vergers non traités, mais il n’y avait pas de différences entre les vergers traités au méthomyl (carbamoyl oxime) et les vergers non traités. En revanche, il y avait moins de Stigmaeidae (P < 0,05) aux endroits traités au méthomyl, alors que l’utilisation des pyréthroïdes n’affectait pas l’abondance des Stigmaeidae.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 6 , December 1991 , pp. 1163 - 1174
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

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