Roepkea, as here understood, consists of 10 species whose primary or winter hosts are the Pruneae and the Pomeae and whose secondary or summer hosts are mainly the Leguminosae. R. marchali (Börner) is the only endemic Palaearctic species known. The Nearctic species are: bakeri (Cowen); crataegifoliae (Fitch); kachena (Hottes); multisetis new species; punctata new species; sclerosa new species; sensoriata (Gillette and Bragg); yohoensis (Bradley); zabapsis new species. A key and host index is provided.

The western tent caterpillar, Malacosoma californicum pluviale (Dyar) was treated externally with farnesyl methyl ether and the crude ether extracts of two forest trees, Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) and Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Within 24 hr of the intervening molts, late fourth- and early fifth-instar larvae weighing 178 mg received 55 μg, and late fifth-instar larvae and new pupae weighing 450 mg received 140 μg in 0.6 μl of acetone. Controls received only acetone.Treated groups suffered increased mortality due to structural abnormalities, molting difficulties, and increased infection with polyhedral virus and microsporidia. Many surviving adults also were structurally abnormal, and the proportion of females depositing normal egg masses was reduced. The progeny were less viable than those of the controls. Reductions in the viability of progeny were only slightly affected by time of treatment, but egg-laying behavior was more affected by later than by earlier treatments.All materials produced examples of juvenility, but many of the abnormal individuals produced by cedar treatment died early in the pupal stage, whereas those induced by the other treatments lived longer. In most instances, samples were too small to indicate statistical superiority of any one material but, as received, the cedar extract seemed more potent than the fir. Farnesyl methyl ether had the greatest influence on reproductive capacity.

Descriptions and illustrations are given of three microlepidopterous larvae in Baltic amber. Two, one of which appears to be in first instar, are thought to be in Plutellidae and the third in Oecophoridae.

Bio-assay showed that the pheromone of attractive female Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.) must be produced in the posterior part of the ileum. Histological studies revealed a layer of secretory cells in the rear part of the ileum and the rectal valve which occur only in feeding adults. The attractive material is produced only when bark and wood particles are present at the site of pheromone production, and the actual production is initiated probably by activity of a female hormone or enzyme.

One new species, Acanthoscelides tridenticulatus, is described from Mimosa strigillosa Torr. and Gray in Texas, and from specimens collected in Louisiana and Texas.Erroneous records of Bruchidae having been reared from native Mimosa in the United States are corrected. These are: Merobruchus julianus (Horn) (Not synonym Bruchus ochreolineatus Fall) from Acacia greggii Gray, Not Mimosa fragrans; Acanthoscelides chiricahuae (Fall), Not Bruchus schrankiae Horn, from M. borealis Gray; and A. distinguendus (Horn) from Rhynchosia americana (Mill.) Metz, NOTM. strigillosa. All of these constitute new host records.The following new host records are reported: Acanthoscelides chiricahuae (Fall) from Mimosa biuncifera Benth. in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Coahuilla, Mexico; and from M. dysocarpa Benth. and M. grahamii Gray in Arizona, A. quadridentatus (Schaeffer) from M. pigra var. berlandieri (Gray) Turner and M. strigillosa in Texas, and from M. pigra var. pigra L. in Nicaragua and Panama. A. speciosus (Schaeffer) from M. malacophylla Gray in Texas, from M. biuncifera in Arizona, and from M. galeottii Benth. in Morelos, Mexico. Stator pruininus (Horn) from M. biuncifera in Texas and Mexico; and from M. dysocarpa in Arizona.

In laboratory experiments at Belleville and Guelph, Ont., four species of coccinellids, Cycloneda munda (Say), Adalia bipunctata (L.), Coccinella transversoguttata richardsoni Brown, and Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake, revealed strong attractances to Juniperus virginiana L. (juniper) for oviposition. This attractancy was due to the specific odour of Juniperus wood. Egg laying rates were not affected by distances up to 70 cm in laboratory cages in a greenhouse where temperatures ranged from 24.0° to 29.5 °C. This phenomenon may be used to aggregate ovipositing coccinellid females in places where aphids are expected to occur in damaging numbers.

Extracts of free amino acids from six species of ants (Pogonomyrmex barbatus (F. Smith), P. occidentalis (Cresson), Tapinoma sessile (Say), Camponotus pennsylvanicus (DeGeer), Conomyrma pyramica (Roger), and Novomessor cockerelli (E. André) were analyzed by thin layer, one and two dimensional paper chromatography, and an automatic amino acid analyzer to determine the potential use of qualitative and (or) quantitative data of the free amino acid composition of ants in taxonomic studies. The results demonstrate that no significant qualitative differences exist, but that the automatic amino acid analyzer may be used to show significant quantitative differences in the free amino acid composition of the ants studied.

Nymphs and adults of Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius) were placed, one stage at a time, into a temperature choice chamber. Their behavior was observed while a temperature gradient was established and then allowed to collapse. The grasshoppers aggregated and remained quiescent at a temperature of about 38 °C. An implication of this preferred temperature regarding behavior in the field is discussed.

Survival of Adalia bipunctata (L.) emerging from eggs laid some distance from prey locations, depended on the ability or the larvae to reach a prey location on a host plant. Distances between egg clusters and prey locations, when less than 63 cm in laboratory cages, had little effect on larval survival. Pathways used by a larva to prey was more important than distance. Larvae that had access to prey via pathways, reached prey as distant as 63 cm from eclosion sites.Cannibalistic predation by these larvae on eggs increases their survival chances when prey are scarce.

Astehelius crypticus, a new genus and species of Orthoptera from Sonora, Mexico, is described. This taxon closely resembles the oedipodine genus Heliastus but is shown to belong to a different subfamily, the Gomphocerinae.

A study of the cast-off head capsules of fourth-instar larvae of Deilinia variolaria (Guenée), D. borealis Hulst, D. exanthemata bryantaria Taylor, D. erythemaria (Guenée), Drepanulatrix unicalcararia (Guenée), D. foeminaria (Guenée), and D. falcataria (Packard) shows considerable variation in colour pattern. The colour pattern varies sufficiently between species and yet is constant enough within species to enable one to construct a key to their identity. This key is very useful in identification where the larva has been parasitized.