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Structural Chemistry of Fe, Mn, and Ni in Synthetic Hematites as Determined by Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Balwant Singh ,
D. M. Sherman ,
R. J. Gilkes ,
M. Wells  and
J. F. W. Mosselmans
Balwant Singh*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Chemistry & Soil Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
D. M. Sherman
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
R. J. Gilkes
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
M. Wells
Affiliation:
CRC LEME, University of Canberra, Belconnen, A.C.T., Australia
J. F. W. Mosselmans
Affiliation:
CCLRC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, UK
*
E-mail of corresponding author: b.singh@acss.usyd.edu.au
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Abstract

The incorporation of transition metals into hematite may limit the aqueous concentration and bioavailabity of several important nutrients and toxic heavy metals. Before predicting how hematite controls metal-cation solubility, we must understand the mechanisms by which metal cations are incorporated into hematite. Thus, we have studied the mechanism for Ni2+ and Mn3+ uptake into hematite using extended X-ray absorption fine structures (EXAFS) spectroscopy. EXAFS measurements show that the coordination environment of Ni2+ in hematite corresponds to that resulting from Ni2+ replacing Fe3+. No evidence for NiO or Ni(OH)2 was found. The infrared spectrum of Ni-substituted hematite shows an OH-stretch band at 3168 cm−1 and Fe-OH bending modes at 892 and 796 cm−1. These vibrational bands are similar to those found in goethite. The results suggest that the substitution of Ni2+ for Fe3+ is coupled with the protonation of one of the hematite oxygen atoms to maintain charge balance.

The solubility of Mn3+ in hematite is much less extensive than that of Ni2+ because of the strong Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn3+ in six-fold coordination. Structural evidence of Mn3+ substituting for Fe3+ in hematite was found for a composition of 3.3 mole % Mn2O3. However a sample with nominally 6.6 mole % Mn2O3 was found to consist of two phases: hematite and ramsdellite (MnO2). The results indicate that for cations, such as Mn3+ showing a strong Jahn-Teller effect, there is limited substitution in hematite.

Keywords

EXAFSFe OxidesHematiteMetal SubstitutionTrace ElementsXASXRD
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 48 , Issue 5 , October 2000 , pp. 521 - 527
Copyright
Copyright © 2000, The Clay Minerals Society

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