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Cognitive impairment in hoarding disorder: a systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2022

Bárbara P. Stumpf ,
Leonardo C. de Souza ,
Marina S.F. Mourão ,
Fábio L. Rocha Open the ORCID record for Fábio L. Rocha [Opens in a new window] ,
Leonardo F. Fontenelle Open the ORCID record for Leonardo F. Fontenelle [Opens in a new window]  and
Izabela G. Barbosa Open the ORCID record for Izabela G. Barbosa [Opens in a new window]
Bárbara P. Stumpf
Affiliation:
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Institute of Social Security of the Civil Servants of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Leonardo C. de Souza
Affiliation:
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Neurological Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Marina S.F. Mourão
Affiliation:
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Fábio L. Rocha
Affiliation:
Institute of Social Security of the Civil Servants of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Leonardo F. Fontenelle
Affiliation:
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia D’Or Institute & Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Izabela G. Barbosa*
Affiliation:
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Mental Health Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
*
* Author for correspondence: Izabela G. Barbosa, PhD Email: izabelagb@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective

In the present study, we aimed to perform a systematic review evaluating the cognitive performance of patients with hoarding disorder (HD) compared with controls. We hypothesized that HD patients would present greater cognitive impairment than controls.

Methods

A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and LILACS was conducted on May 2020, with no date limit. The search terms were “hoarding disorder,” “cognition,” “neuropsychology,” “cognitive impairment,” and “cognitive deficit.” We included original studies assessing cognitive functioning in patients with HD.

Results

We retrieved 197 studies initially. Of those, 22 studies were included in the present study. We evaluated 1757 patients who were 41 to 72 years old. All selected studies comprised case–control studies and presented fair quality. Contrary to our hypothesis, HD patients showed impairment only in categorization skills in comparison with controls, particularly at confidence to complete categorization tasks. Regarding attention, episodic memory, working memory, information-processing speed, planning, decision-making, inhibitory control, mental flexibility, language, and visuospatial ability, HD patients did not show impairment when compared with controls. There is a paucity of studies on social cognition in HD patients, although they may show deficits. The impact of emotion in cognition is also understudied in HD patients.

Conclusion

Except for categorization skills, the cognitive performance in HD patients does not seem to be impaired when compared with that in controls. Further work is needed to explore social cognition and the impact of emotion in cognitive performance in HD patients.

Keywords

Cognitioncompulsive behaviorneuropsychologysustained attentionobsessive-compulsive disorder
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , June 2023 , pp. 300 - 312
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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