Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wg55d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-22T09:41:22.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

XIX.—On the Development and Life-Histories of the Teleostean Food- and other Fishes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

W. C. M'Intosh
Affiliation:
St Andrews Marine Laboratory.
E. E. Prince
Affiliation:
St Andrews Marine Laboratory.

Extract

Until very recently existing information concerning the eggs and oviposition of British fishes, and more especially marine fishes, was of the most fragmentary character. In the standard works upon Ichthyology, such as Owen's Anatomy of Vertebrates (vol. i. Fishes), it is comprised in a few vague sentences; while the original papers published by British ichthyologists are not numerous, and refer, for the most part, to fresh-water species. Within the last few years, however, attention has been more systematically directed to the subject, and the enlightened views of the late Royal Commission on Trawling, and more especially of its chairman, the late Earl of Dalhousie, has given a fresh impetus to the study of the development and life-history of our food-fishes, as preliminary to a thorough investigation of their habits, food, so-called migrations, and general life-history.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1890

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LIST OF WORKS AND MEMOIRS REFERRED TO

1. Agassiz, Alexander. On the Young Stages of some Osseous Fishes, Proc. Amer. Acad. of Sciences, N.S., vol. ix.Google Scholar
2. Agassiz, and Whitman, . On the Development of some Pelagic Fish Eggs, Proc. Amer. Acad. of Sciences, vol. xx., 1884.Google Scholar
3. Agassiz, and Whitman, . The Pelagic Stages of Young Fishes, Studies from Newport Mar. Lab., vol. xiv. pt. 1.Google Scholar
4. André, M. J.Sur la Preparation du Micropyle dans la coque de la Truite, Robin's Jour, de l'Anat. and Phys., 1875.Google Scholar
5. Aubert, H.Beiträge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fische, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. v., 1854.Google Scholar
6. Aubert, H.Beiträge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fische, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. vii., 1856.Google Scholar
7. Baer, K. E. Von. Untersuch. über die Entwick. der Fische. Leipzig, 1835.Google Scholar
8. Baird, Spencer F.U.S. Fish. Comm. Rep., 1878.Google Scholar
9. Balbiani, . Sur la cellule Embryogène de l'œuf des poiss. oss., Comptes rendus, t. lviii., 1864.Google Scholar
10. Balfour, F. M.A Treatise on Comparative Embryology, vol. i. New Edition, London, 1885.Google Scholar
11. Balfour, F. M.A Treatise on Comparative Embryology, vol. ii. New Edition, London, 1885.Google Scholar
12. Balfour, F. M.A Comparison of the Early Stages in the Development of Vertebrates, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xv., 1875.Google Scholar
13. Balfour, F. M.On the Structure of the Organ in Adult Teleosteans and Ganoids which is usually regarded as a Pronephros, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxii., 1882.Google Scholar
14. Balfour, F. M.On the Early Development of the Lacertilia, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xix., 1879.Google Scholar
15. Balfour, F. M.Development of the Elasmobranch Fishes, Humphry and Turner's Jour, of Anat., 187618771878, vols. x. xi., and xii.Google Scholar
16. Balfour, F. M.The Structure and Development of the Vertebrate Ovary, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., xviii., 1878.Google Scholar
17. Balfour, and Foster, . The Elements of Embryology. London, 1883.Google Scholar
18. Balfour, and Parker, . On the Structure and Development of Lepidosteus, Philos. Trans., vol. clxxiii., 1882.Google Scholar
19. Balfour, and Deighton, . Renewed Study of the Germinal Layers of the Chick, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., xxii., 1882.Google Scholar
20. Bambeke, Ch. Van. Rech. sur l'Embryol. des Poiss. Oss., Mém. Cour. et Mém. des. Sav. Étrangers publiés par l'Acad. Roy. de Belgique, t. xl., 1876.Google Scholar
20A.Bambeke, Ch. Van. Premiers effects de la fecondation sur les œufs de poissons: sur l'origine et la signification du feuillet muqueux ou glandulaire chez les poiss. oss., Comptes rendus, t. lxiv., 1872.Google Scholar
21. Barry, Martin. Researches in Embryology, Philos. Trans., 1838.Google Scholar
22. Beard, John. On the Branchial Sense-Organs of the Ichthyopsida, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxv., 1886.Google Scholar
23. Boeck, Axel. Om Silden oz Silderfiskereierne navnlig om det Norske Varsildfiske. Christiania, 1871.Google Scholar
24. Beneden, E. Van.Rech. sur la Comp. etc. de l'œuf, Mem. Cour. l'Acad. Roy. de Belgique, t. xxxiv., 1870.Google Scholar
25. Beneden, E. Van.A Contribution to the History of the Embryonic Development of Teleosteans, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., xviii., 1878.Google Scholar
26. Beneden, E. Van.La Maturation de l'œuf, la fecundation, &c., communic. prelim. Bruxelles, 1875.Google Scholar
27. Bobretzky, N.Zur Embryol. des Oniscus murarius, Zeitchr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxiv., 1874.Google Scholar
28. Borelli, Joa A.De Motu Animalium. Roinae, 2 vols., 1680.Google Scholar
29. Brock, J.Histologie der Geschlechtsorgane der Knochenfische, Morph. Jahrb., Bd. iv., 1878.Google Scholar
30. Brook, George. The Development of the Herring, Rep. Fish. Board for Scotland, 1886.Google Scholar
31. Brook, George. The Development of Motella mustela, Trans. Linn. Soc. Zool., xviii.Google Scholar
32. Brook, George. The Relation of Yolk to Blastoderm in Teleostean Fish-Ova, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., 1887.Google Scholar
33. Brook, George. On the Formation of the Germinal Layers in Teleostei, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., xiii., 1886.Google Scholar
34. Brook, George. On the Formation of the Germinal Layers in Teleostei, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., xxxiii., 1887.Google Scholar
34A.Brook, George. On the Origin of the Hypoblast in Pelagic Teleostean Ova, Quart. Jour. Mier. Sci., N.S. vol. xxv., 1885.Google Scholar
35. Bruch, C.Ueber die Mikropyle der Fische, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. vii., 1855.Google Scholar
36. Butschli, O.Vorlauf. Mittheil. einiger Resultate von Studien über die Conjugation der Infusorien und die Zelltheilung, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxv., 1876.Google Scholar
37. Carpenter, W. B.Principles of General and Comparative Physiology. London, 1851.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38. Calberla, E.Der Befruchtungsvorgang beim Ei von Petromyzon planeri, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxx., 1878.Google Scholar
39. Calberla, E.Zur Entwicklung des Medullarrohres u. der Chorda dorsalis der Teleostier und der Petromyzonten, Morph. Jahrb., Bd. iii., 1877.Google Scholar
40. Cleland, John. On the Interpretation of the Limbs and Lower Jaw, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1869. Exeter.Google Scholar
40A. Cleland, John. Address to the Section of Anatomy and Physiology, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1875. Bristol.Google Scholar
41. Coste, P.Embryogènie comparée. Paris, 1837.Google Scholar
42. Coste, P.Hist, genèr. et partic. du developpement des Corps organisés, t. i. Paris, 1847.Google Scholar
43. Coste, P.L'acclimatation de plusiers poiss. des eau douces, &c., Comptes rendus, t. xxxii., 1851.Google Scholar
44. Couch, J.History of the Fishes of the British Islands. London, 1862.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
45. Cramer, Herm. Bermerkungen über das Zellenleben in d. Entwick. d. Frosches, Müll. Archiv, 1848.Google Scholar
46. Cunningham, J. T.On the Reproductive Elements in Myxine, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xiii, 1886.Google Scholar
47. Cunningham, J. T.On the Structure and Development of the Reproductive Elements in Myxine glutinosa, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxvii., 1886.Google Scholar
48. Cunningham, J. T.On the Relation of the Yolk to the Gastrula in Teleosteans, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxvi., 1885.Google Scholar
49. Cunningham, J. T.On the Mode of Attachment of the Ovum of Osmerns eperlanus, Proc. Zool. Soc., pt. iii., Oct. 1886.Google Scholar
50. Davy, John.Some Observations on the Ova of the Salmonidæ, Proc. Roy. Soc., vol. vi., 1854.Google Scholar
51. Day, Francis. History of the Fishes of GreatBritain and Ireland, 1887.Google Scholar
52. Dönitz, . Ueber das Remak'sche Sinnenblatt, Reichert und Du Bois Reymond's Archiv f. Anat., 1869.Google Scholar
52a.Dohrn, A. Studien z. Urgeschichte d. Wirbelthierkörpers, Mitth. d. Zool. Stat., Neapel, vol. iii.Google Scholar
53. Eimer, Th.Untersuch. über d. Ei d. Reptilien u. Fische, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. viii., 1872.Google Scholar
53a.Emery, C.Studii ińtorno allo sviluppo ed alia morfologia del rene dei Teleost., Arch. Ital. Biol., vol. ii.Google Scholar
55. Ewart, and Brook, . On the Spawning of the Cod, Rep. Fish. Board for Scotland, 1884.Google Scholar
56. Gensch, H.Die Blutbildung auf dem Dottersack bei Knochenfischen, Vorlauf. Mittheil., Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. xix., 1881.Google Scholar
57. Gerbe, . Du lieu ou se forme la Cicatricule chez les Poiss. Oss., Robin's Jour, de l'Anat. et Physiol., 1875.Google Scholar
58. Götte, , A Der Keim d. Forelleneies, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. ix.Google Scholar
59. Götte, A.Die Entwick. der Unke. Leipzig, 1875.Google Scholar
60. Grosglik, S.Zur Morphologie der Kopfniere der Fische, Zool. Anzeiger, Oct. 1885.Google Scholar
61. Günther, A.The Study of Fishes. London, 1880.Google Scholar
62. Haeckel, E.Die Gastrula und die Eifurchung der Thiere, Biologische Studien, Heft ii., 1877.Google Scholar
63. Haeckel, E.Studien zur Gastræa Theorie. Jena, 1877.Google Scholar
64. Henneguy, F.Note sur quelques faits relatifs aux premiers phenomènes du developpement des Poiss. Oss., Extrait du Bull, de la Soc. Philomath, de Paris, Apl. 1880.Google Scholar
65. Hensen, V. On the Occurrence and Quantity of the Eggs of some of the Fish of the Baltic, &c.,, Eng. Translation, pub. in U.S. Fish. Comm. Rep., 1882.Google Scholar
66. Hertwig, and Fol, . Befruchtung u. Theilung des Eies von Toxopneustes var., Vorlauf Mittheil. Erlangen, 1877.Google Scholar
67. His, W.Untersuchungen über das Ei und die Entwickelung bei Knochenfischen. Leipzig, 1873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
68. Hoffman, C. K.Zur Ontog. der Knochenfische, Vorlauf Mittheil., Zool. Anzeiger, Dec. 1880.Google Scholar
69. Hoffman, C. K.Zur Ontogenie der Knochenfische, Verhandel. der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetensehappen, 1883.Google Scholar
69a.Hoffman, C. K.Zur Ontogenie der Knochenfische, Archiv f. mikros. Anatomie, vol. xxiii.Google Scholar
70. Hollard, . Rech. sur la structure de l'encephale des Poissons, Comptes rendus, voL lx., 1865.Google Scholar
71. Hulke, . The Histology of the Eye, Monthly Micros. Jour., vol. ii., 1869.Google Scholar
72. Humphry, G.On the homological Relations to one another of the Mesial and Lateral Fins of Osseous Fishes, Humphry and Turner's Jour, of Anat. and Physiol., vol. v., 1871.Google Scholar
73. Huxley, T. H.On the Anatomy and Development of Pyrosoma, Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. xxiii. pt. i., 1860.Google Scholar
74. Huxley, T. H.Manual of the Anatomy of Vert. Animals. London, 1871.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
75. Iwakawa, I.On the Genesis of the Egg in Triton, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxii., 1882.Google Scholar
76. Johnson, A.On the Fate of the Blastopore and the Presence of a Primitive Streak in the Newt, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxvi., 1886.Google Scholar
77. Keber, Ferd. Ueber den Eintritt der Samenzellen in das Ei, Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. v., 1854.Google Scholar
78. Kingsley, and Conn, . Some Observations on the Embryology of the Teleosts, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. iii. No. 6, 1883.Google Scholar
79. Klein, E.Observations on the Early Development of the Common Trout (Salmo fario), Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xvi., 1876.Google Scholar
80. Kölliker, A.Untersuch. zur vergleich. Gewebelehre, Verhandl. d. phys. med. Gesellsch. in Wurzburg, viii., 1856.Google Scholar
81. Kolliker, A.Entwick. d. Menschen u. höhren Thiere. Leipzig, 1879.Google Scholar
82. Kowalewsky, Owsjannikow, and Wagner, N.. Die Entwiekelung d. Störe, Mélanges Biolog. tires du Bulletin de l'Acad. Imp. St Petersb., t. vii., 1870.Google Scholar
85. Kowalewsky, M. von. Entwiokelungsgeschichte des Amphioxus lanceolatus, Mem. Acad. des Sci. de St Petersb., Ser. III. t. xi., 1867.Google Scholar
86. Kowalewsky, M. von. Ueber die ersten Entwicklungsprocesse der Knochenfische, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xliii., 1886.Google Scholar
87. Kupffer, C. Die Entwiekelung des Herings in Ei, Jahresb. der Comm. deutsch. Meer in Kiel, 187418751876. Berlin, 1878.Google Scholar
88. Kupffer, C. Beobacht. über die Entw. der Knochenfische, Archiv f. milcros. Anat., Bd. iv., 1868.Google Scholar
89. Kupffer, and Benecke, . Der Vorgang d. Befruchtung am Ei d. Neunaugen, Festschrift zur Feier von Th. Schwann. Konigsberg, 1878.Google Scholar
90. Lankester, E. Ray. Observations on the Development of the Cephalopoda, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xv., 1875.Google Scholar
91. Lankester, E. Ray. Prof. Haeckel's recent Additions to the Gastræa Theory, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xvi., 1876.Google Scholar
92. Lankester, E. Ray. On the Coincidence of the Blastopore and Anus in Paludina vivipara, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xvi., 1876.Google Scholar
93. Lereboullet, A. Eech. d'Embryol. compar. sur le Développ. du Brochet, de la Perche et de l'Ecrevisse, Mem. Sav. Etrang. Acad. des Sci., t. xvii., 1873.Google Scholar
94. Lereboullet, A. Rech. sur les Monstruosités du Brochet, Ann des Sci. Nat., t. xx.Google Scholar
95. Lereboullet, A. Eech. d'Embryol. compar. sur le dev. de la Truite, du Lezard, et du Limnee, Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. xix., 1863.Google Scholar
96. Leuckart, R.Ueber die Mikropyle bei Insekteneiem (with Appendix on the Micropyle of Fishes), Müll. Archiv, 1855.Google Scholar
97. Leydig, F.Kleinere Mittheilungen zur thierischen Geweblehre, Müll. Archiv, 1854.Google Scholar
98. Leydig, F.Zur Mikroskop. Anat. und Entwickelungsgeschichte der Bochen und Haie. Leipzig, 1852.Google Scholar
99. List, J. H.Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Knochenfische, Zeit. fur wiss. Zool., xliv., 1887.Google Scholar
100. Marshall, A. M.The Morphology of the Vertebrate Olfactory Organ, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xix., 1879.Google Scholar
101. Marshall, A. M.Observations on the Cranial Nerves of Scyllium, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxi., 1881.Google Scholar
102. Meissner, G.Beiträge zur Anatomie u. Physiologie von Mermis albicans, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. v., 1853.Google Scholar
103. Meissner, G.Beobachtungen über das Eindringen der Samenelemente in den Dotter, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. vi., 1854.Google Scholar
104. M'Intosh, W. C. Report of H. M. Trawling Commission, 1884.Google Scholar
104A.M'Intosh, W. C.Experiments on Young Salmon, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. vii., N. S., p. 153, 1868.Google Scholar
105. M'Intosh, W. C.Remarks on the Eggs of British Marine Fishes, Nature, vol. xxxiv., 1886.Google Scholar
106. M'Intosh, W. C.The Spawning of certain Marine Fishes, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xvii., 1885.Google Scholar
107. M'Intosh, W. C.On the Paternal Instincts of Cyclopterus lumpus, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xviii., 1886.Google Scholar
108. M'Intosh, W. C. On the Ova of Callionymus lyra, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1885, Aberdeen; and Ann. Nat. Hist., Dec. 1885.Google Scholar
109. M'Murrich, J. P.On the Dev. of Syngnathus peclcianus, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxiv.Google Scholar
110. Millet, C.On some Fish-Ova attached to the Hoop of a Barrel, Comptes rendus, t. lx., 1865.Google Scholar
111. Müller, J.Ueber Zablreiche Porenkanale in d. Eikapsel d. Fische, Müller's Archiv, 1854.Google Scholar
112. Newport, Geo. On the Impregnation of the Ovum in Amphibia, Philos. Trans., 1851.Google Scholar
113. Oellacher, J.Beiträge zur Entwicklung der Knochenfische nach Beobachtungen am Bachforelleneie, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxii., 1872.Google Scholar
114. Oellacher, J., Beiträge zur Entwicklung der Knochenfische nach Beobachtungen am Bachforelleneie, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxiii., 1873.Google Scholar
115. Owsjannikow, Ph. W.Studien über das Ei hauptsachlich bei Knochenfischen, Mém. l'Acad. St Petersb., t xxxiii. No. 4.Google Scholar
116. Owsjannikow, Ph. W.Entwickelung der Coregonus, Bullet, der Akad. St Petersb., t. xix.Google Scholar
117. Parker, W. K.On the Structure and Development of the Skull in the Salmon (Salmo salar), Phil. Trans., 1873.Google Scholar
118. Philipeaux, and Vulpian, . Détermination des parties qui constituent l'encéphale des Poissons, Comptes rendus; t. xxxv., 1852.Google Scholar
119. Pouchet, F.Du développement du Squelette des Poiss, Oss., Robin's Jour, de l'Anat. et de la Physiol., 1875.Google Scholar
120. Prevost, C.Sur le génération chez le Sechot (Cottus gobio), Ann. des Sci. Nat., 1830.Google Scholar
121. Prevost, and Dumas, . Nouvelle Théorie de la Génération, Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. i., ii., and iii., 1824.Google Scholar
122. Prince, Edward E. On the Development of the Food Fishes at the St Andrews Marine Laboratory, Prelim. Acct, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1885, Aberdeen.Google Scholar
123. Prince, Edward E.Early Stages in the Development of the Food Fishes, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
124. Prince, Edward E.On the Nest and Development of Gastrosteus spinachia at the St Andrews Marine Laboratory, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1885.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
124A.Prince, Edward E. Points in the Development of the Pectoral Fin and Girdle in Teleosteans, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1886, p. 697, Birmingham.Google Scholar
124AA.Prince, Edward E.On the Presence of Oleaginous Spheres in the Yolk of Teleostean Ova, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
125. Raffaele, F.Le nova galleggianti e le larve dei Teleostei nel golfo di Napoli, Mittheilung. Zoolog. Stat. zu Neapel, Bd. viii. Heft i. p. 63. (Abdruck.)Google Scholar
126. Rainey, G.On the making of Artificial Calculi, with some Observations on Molecular Coalescence, and further Experiments and Observations, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. vi., 1858; and N.S., vol. i., 1861.Google Scholar
127. Ransom, W. H.Observations on the Ovum of Osseous Fishes, Philos. Trans., vol. clxvii., 1867.Google Scholar
128. Ransom, W. H.On the Conditions of the protoplasmic Movements in the Eggs of Osseous Fishes, Humphry and Turner's Jour. of Anat., vol. i.Google Scholar
129. Rathke, H. Bildungs- und Entwickelungsgeschichte des Blennius viviparus, Abhand. zur Entw. des Menschen und der Thiere, Theil. i. Leipzig, 1832.Google Scholar
130. Rathke, H.Ueber die Eier einiger Lachsarten, Meckel's Archiv, 1832.Google Scholar
131. Rathke, H.Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fische. Leipzig, 1838.Google Scholar
132. Rauber, . Primitivstreifen u. Neurula d. Wirbelthiere. Leipzig, 1877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
133. Rauber, . Primitivrinne und Urmund. Beiträge z. Entw. d. Hühnchens, Morphol. Jahrb., Bd. ii., 1876.Google Scholar
134. Reichert, K. B.Ueber die Mikropyle der Fischeier, Mütter's Archiv, 1856.Google Scholar
135. Remak, R.Sur le développement des animaux vertébres, Comptes rendus, t. xxxv., 1852; and Müller's Archiv, 1849.Google Scholar
136. Remak, R.Ueber Eihüllen und Spermatozoen, Müller's Archiv, 1855.Google Scholar
137. Rieneck, . Ueber die Schichtung des Forellenkeimes, Arch. f. mikros. Anat., Bd. v., 1869.Google Scholar
138. Rosenberg, A. Untersuchungen über die Entwick. der Teleosteierniere, Dissert. Inaug., Dorpat, 1867.Google Scholar
139. Rusconi, M.Lettre sur les changements que les oeufs des poissons éprouvent avant qu'ils aient atteint la forme d'un embryon, Ann. des Sci. Nat., 2nd ser., t. v., 1836.Google Scholar
140. Rusconi, M.Ueber die Metamorphosen des Eies der Fische vor der Bildung des Embryo, Müll. Archiv, 1836.Google Scholar
141. Ryder, J. A. A Contribution to the Embryography of Osseous Fishes, with special reference to the Development of the Cod (Gadus morrhua), Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm., 1882.Google Scholar
142. Schenk, S. L.Die Eier von Raja quadrimaculata innerhalb der Eileiter, Sitz. der. K. Akad. Wien., Bd. lxxiii., 1873.Google Scholar
143. Schenk, S. L.Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Auges der Fische, Site, der K. Akad. Wien., Bd. lv., 1867.Google Scholar
144. Schultze, F. E.Beiträge zur Entwick. der Knorpelfische, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. xiii., 1877.Google Scholar
144A.Schultze, , Max. Epithel- und Drusenzellen, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. iii., 1867.Google Scholar
145. Scott, W. B.Beiträge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Petromyzonten, Morph. Jahrb., Bd. vii., 1881.Google Scholar
146. Scott, W. B.Preliminary Account of the Development of the Lamprey, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxi., 1881.Google Scholar
147. Scott, and Osborn, . Early Development of the Common Newt, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xix., 1879.Google Scholar
148. Sedgwick, A.On the Origin of the Metameric Segmentation and some other Morphological Questions, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxiv., 1884.Google Scholar
149. Shipley, A. E.On the Formation of Mesohlast and Persistence of the Blastopore in the Lamprey, Proc. Roy. Soc., vol. xxxix., 1885.Google Scholar
150. Shipley, A. E.The Development of Petromyzon fluviatilis, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxvii., 1887.Google Scholar
151. Spencer, W. B.On the Fate of the Blastopore in Rana temporaria, Zool. Anzeiger, Feb. 1885.Google Scholar
152. Stricker, S.Untersuchungen über die erste Entwick. der Bachforelle, Wiener Akad. Berichte, 1865, Mathem. naturwiss. classe, Bd. li.Google Scholar
153. Thomson, Allen. Article “Ovum,” Todd's Cyclopœdia of Anat. and Physiol., vol. v., 1859.Google Scholar
154. Truman, E. B.On the Development of the Pike, Monthly Micros. Jour., vol. ii., 1869.Google Scholar
155. Vogt, Carl. Embryogenie des Saumons. Neufchatel, 1842 (in Hist nat. des Poiss. d'eau douce de l'Europe centrale, par L. Agassiz).Google Scholar
156. Weldon, W. F. R.On the Head-Kidney of Bdellostoma, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xxiv., 1884.Google Scholar
157. Wenckebach, K. F.On the Development of the Blood Corpuscles in Perca fluviatilis, Humphry and Turner's Jour, of Anat. and Phys., vol. xix., 1885.Google Scholar
158. Wenckebach, K. F.Zur Entwick. der Knochenfische, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. xxviii., 1886.Google Scholar
159. Whitman, C. O.The Embryology of Clepsine, Quart. Jour. Micr. Sci., vol. xviii., 1878.Google Scholar
159A.Whitman, C. O.Methods of Research in Microscopical Anatomy and Embryology, Boston, 1885.Google Scholar
160. Wolff, W.Die beiden Keimblätter und der Mittelkeim, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., Bd. xxviii., 1886.Google Scholar
160A.Ziegler, H. E.Die Enstehung des Blutes bei Knochenfischenibryonen, Archiv f. mikros. Anat., xxx., 1887, pp. 596665 (three plates); see Jour. Micros. Anat., April 1888, p. 192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
161. Zeller, . Untersuch. über die Fortpflanzung und die Entwicklung der in unseren Batrachien schmarotzenden Opalinen, Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool., Bd. xxix., 1879.Google Scholar