Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-27T04:36:38.845Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diagnostic tables for the common medical bacteria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

S. T. Cowan  and
K. J. Steel
S. T. Cowan
Affiliation:
National Collection of Type Cultures, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, N.W.9
K. J. Steel
Affiliation:
National Collection of Type Cultures, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, N.W.9
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A simple device by which the characters of an unknown organism can be com pared with those of named genera and species is described. The comparison is made by using ‘diagnostic tables’ of characters found to have differential value.

Separate tables for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were made; the first stage indicated the probable genus into which the unknown fell and a second (and occasionally a third) stage was needed to identify the species or subspecies.

We wish to thank Dr Ruth E. Gordon for much unpublished data which were invaluable in constructing Table 1 gg, Miss Helen E. Ross for helping with Table 1f, Dr Oleg Lysenko for letting us use data from a paper about to be published, and Mr W. Clifford for the photographs and figures.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 59 , Issue 3 , September 1961 , pp. 357 - 373
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1961

References

Berger, U. (1960 a). Neisseria haemolysans (Thjõtta and Böe, 1938): Untersuchungen zur Stellung im System. Z. Hyg. InfektKr. 146, 253.Google Scholar
Berger, U. (1960 b). Neisseria animalis nov. spec. Z. Hyg. InfektKr. 147, 158.Google Scholar
Berger, U. (1961). A proposed new genus of Gram-negative cocci: Gemella. Int. Bull.bact. Nom. Tax. 11, 17.Google Scholar
Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, ed. 7 (1957). Edited by Breed, R. S., Murray, E. G. D. & Smith, N. R.London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox.Google Scholar
Brindle, C. S. & Cowan, S. T. (1951). Flagellation and taxonomy of Whitmore's bacillus. J. Path. Bact. 63, 571.Google Scholar
Brooks, M. E. & Epps, H. B. G. (1959). Taxonomic studies of the genus Clostridium: Clostridium bifermentans and C. sordellii. J. gen. Microbiol. 21, 144.Google Scholar
Cowan, S. T. (1938). Unusual infections following cerebral operations, with a description of Diplococcus mucosus (von Lingeisheim). Lancet, ii, 1052.Google Scholar
Cowan, S. T. & Steel, K. J. (1960). A device for the identification of microorganisms. Lancet, i, 1172.Google Scholar
Cowan, S. T., Steel, K. J., Shaw, C. & Duguid, J. P. (1960). A classification of the Klebsiella group. J. gen. Microbiol. 23, 601.Google Scholar
Cummins, C. S. & Harris, H. (1956). The chemical composition of the cell wall in some Gram-positive bacteria and its possible value as a taxonomic character. J. gen. Microbiol. 14, 583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duguid, J. P., Smith, I. W., Dempster, G. & Edmunds, P. N. (1955). Non-flagellar filamentous appendages (‘fimbriae’) and haemagglutinating activity in Bacterium coli. J. Path. Bact. 70, 335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edwards, P. R. & Ewing, W. H. (1955). Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Ewing, W. H., Davis, B. R. & Edwards, P. R. (1960). The decarboxylase reactions of Enterobacteriaceae and their value in taxonomy. Publ. Hlth Lab. 18, 77.Google Scholar
Ewing, W. H., Davis, B. R. & Reavis, R. W. (1959). Studies on the Serratia group. U.S. Dept. Hlth, Educ. Welfare, C.D.C. Laboratory Manual, July 1959. Atlanta, Ga.Google Scholar
Galarneault, T. P. & Leifson, E. (1956). Taxonomy of Lophomonas n.gen. Canad. J. Microbiol. 2, 102.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. E. & Mihm, J. M. (1957). A comparative study of some strains received as Nocardiae. J. Bact. 73, 15.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. E. & Mihm, J. M. (1959). A comparison of four species of mycobacteria. J. gen. Microbiol. 21, 736.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. E. & Mihm, J. M. (1961). The type species of the genus Nocardia. J. gen. Microbiol. (In the press.)Google Scholar
Henriksen, S. D. (1960). Moraxella. Some problems of taxonomy and nomenclature. Int. Bull. bact. Nom. Tax. 10, 23.Google Scholar
Henriksen, S. D. & Jyssum, K. (1960). A new variety of Pasteurella haemolytica from the human respiratory tract. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 50, 443.Google Scholar
Howell, A., Murphy, W. C., Paul, F. & Stephan, R. M. (1959). Oral strains of Actinomyces. J. Bact. 78, 82.Google Scholar
Hugh, R. & Leifson, E. (1953). The taxonomic significance of fermentative versus oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates by various Gram-negative bacteria. J. Bact. 66, 24.Google Scholar
Kauffmann, F. (1954). Enterobacteriaceae. Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard.Google Scholar
Kauffmann, F. (1960). Two biochemical sub-divisions of the genus Salmonella. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 49, 393.Google Scholar
Langford, G. C. & Hansen, P. A. (1954). The species of Erysipelothrix. Antonie van Leeuwen-hoek J. Microbiol. Serol. 20, 87.Google Scholar
Lautrop, H. (1960). Laboratory diagnosis of whooping cough or Bordetella infections. Bull. World Hlth Org. 23, 15.Google Scholar
Lingelsheim, W. von (1906). Die bakteriologischen Arbeiten der Kgl. Hygienischen Station zu Beuthen O.-Schi. während der Genickstarre-epidemie in Oberschlesien im Winter 1904/05. Klin. Jb. 15, 373.Google Scholar
Lysenko, O. (1961). Pseudomonas—an attempt at a general classification. J. gen. Microbiol. 25, 379.Google Scholar
Memorandum (1943). Notes on gas gangrene. Prevention: diagnosis: treatment. M.R.C. (War) Memor. no. 2.Google Scholar
Moussa, R. S. (1959). Antigenie formulae for Clostridium septicum and Clostridium chauvoei. J. Path. Bact. 77, 341.Google Scholar
Orla-Jensen, S. (1919). The Lactic Acid Bacteria. Copenhagen: Andr. Fred. Host & Son.Google Scholar
Pelczar, M. J. Jr. (1953). Neisseria caviae nov. spec. J. Bact. 65, 744.Google Scholar
Phillips, J. E. (1960). The characterisation of Actinobacillus lignieresi. J. Path. Bact. 79, 331.Google Scholar
Pickett, M. J. & Nelson, E. L. (1955). Speciation within the genus Brucella. IV. Fermentation of carbohydrates. J. Bact. 69, 333.Google Scholar
Pine, L., Howell, A. & Watson, S. J. (1960). Studies of the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characters of Actinomycea bovis. J. gen. Microbiol. 23, 403.Google Scholar
Reed, G. B. & Orr, J. H. (1941). Rapid identification of gas gangrene anaerobes. War Med., Chicago, 1, 493.Google Scholar
Rogosa, M. & Sharpe, M. E. (1959). An approach to the classification of the lactobacilli. J. appl. Bact. 22, 329.Google Scholar
Shaw, C., Stitt, J. M. & Cowan, S. T. (1951). Staphylococci and their classification. J. gen. Microbiol. 5, 1010.Google Scholar
Smith, L. DS. (1955). Introduction to the Pathogenic Anaerobes. Chicago: University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, N. R., Gordon, R. E. & Clark, F. E. (1952). Aerobic sporeforming bacteria. U.S. Dept. Agric. Agriculture Monograph no. 16. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Sneath, P. H. A. (1960). A study of the bacterial genus Chromobacterium. Iowa St. J. Sci. 34, 243.Google Scholar
Steel, K. J. (1961). The oxidase reaction as a taxonomic tool. J. gem. Microbiol. 25, 297.Google Scholar
Stoenner, H. G. & Lackman, D. B. (1957). A new species of Brucella isolated from the desert wood rat, Neotoma lepida Thomas. Amer. J. vet. Res. 18, 947.Google Scholar
Topley and Wilson's Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity, ed. 4 (1955). Edited by Wilson, G. S. and Miles, A. A.London: Arnold.Google Scholar
Willis, A. T. (1960).Anaerobic Bacteriology in Clinical Medicine. London: Butterworth and Co.Google Scholar
Wilson, G. S. & Smith, M. M. (1928). Observations on the Gram-negative cocci of the nasopharynx, With a description of Neisseria pharyngis. J. Path. Bact. 31, 597.Google Scholar