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Inactivation of HIV-1 by chemical disinfectants: sodium hypochlorite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

J. Van Bueren ,
R. A. Simpson ,
H. Salmax ,
H. D. Farrelly  and
B. D. Cookson
J. Van Bueren
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
R. A. Simpson*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
H. Salmax
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
H. D. Farrelly
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
B. D. Cookson
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hospital Infection, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
*
* Current address: Healthcare Science Ltd. Unit 5, Northend Industrial Estate, Burymead road, Hitchin, Herts. SGo 1KT.
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The efficacy of sodium hypochlorite was assessed against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 suspended in low (8% v/v) or high (80% v/v) concentrations of serum or in a high (80%) concentration of blood. In the presence of 8% serum. 100 p.p.m. available chlorine in the disinfectant test mixture inactivated 3·75 log TCID50 HIV/ml within 30 s. When the test mixture contained 80% serum. 500 p.p.m. available chlorine inactivated more than 4 log TCID50 HIV/ml in 1–2 min. Lower concentrations of available chlorine were unable to inactivate the virus completely. In the presence of 80% blood. 1000 p.p.m. available chlorine in the disinfectant test mixture was unable to inactivate 3·75 log TCID50 HIV/ml. although 2500 p.p.m. available chlorine was able to inactivate at least 1·5 log TCID50 HIV/ml. In all test mixtures, the chlorine rapidly became combined and thus less active. Our results emphasise the importance of cleaning prior to disinfection with sodium hypochlorite since it may prove to be ineffective in the presence of high levels of organic matter. In cases where prior cleaning is impossible, care must be taken to use the higher recommended concentration (a minimum of 10000 p.p.m. available chlorine).

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 115 , Issue 3 , December 1995 , pp. 567 - 579
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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