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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (Bdnf) and Gray Matter Volume in Bipolar Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2016

S. Poletti ,
V. Aggio ,
T.A. Hoogenboezem ,
O. Ambrée ,
H. de Wit ,
A.J.M. Wijkhuijs ,
C. Locatelli ,
C. Colombo ,
V. Arolt  and
H.A. Drexhage
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S. Poletti*
Affiliation:
Department of clinical neurosciences, CERMAC (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), scientific institute, university Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
V. Aggio
Affiliation:
Department of clinical neurosciences, CERMAC (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), scientific institute, university Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
T.A. Hoogenboezem
Affiliation:
Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
O. Ambrée
Affiliation:
Department of psychiatry, university of Münster, Münster, Germany
H. de Wit
Affiliation:
Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
A.J.M. Wijkhuijs
Affiliation:
Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
C. Locatelli
Affiliation:
Department of clinical neurosciences, CERMAC (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), scientific institute, university Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
C. Colombo
Affiliation:
Department of clinical neurosciences, CERMAC (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), scientific institute, university Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
V. Arolt
Affiliation:
Department of psychiatry, university of Münster, Münster, Germany
H.A. Drexhage
Affiliation:
Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
F. Benedetti
Affiliation:
Department of clinical neurosciences, CERMAC (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), scientific institute, university Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy Department of immunology, Erasmus university medical centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
*
* Corresponding author at: Istituto Scientifico Universitario Ospedale San Raffaele, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Cliniche, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milano, Italy. Tel.: +39 02 26433310; fax: +39 02 26433265. E-mail address:poletti.sara@hsr.it (S. Poletti).
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Abstract

Introduction

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by grey matter (GM) volumes reduction. Neurotrophic factors have been suggested to play a role in the neuroprogressive changes during the illness course. In particular peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been proposed as a potential biomarker related to disease activity and neuroprogression in BD. The aim of our study was to investigate if serum levels of BDNF are associated with GM volumes in BD patients and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

We studied 36 inpatients affected by a major depressive episode in course of BD type I and 17 HC. Analysis of variance was performed to investigate the effect of diagnosis on GM volumes in the whole brain. Threshold for significance was P < 0.05, Family Wise Error (FWE) corrected for multiple comparisons. All the analyses were controlled for the effect of nuisance covariates known to influence GM volumes, such as age, gender and lithium treatment.

Results

BD patients showed significantly higher serum BDNF levels compared with HC. Reduced GM volumes in BD patients compared to HC were observed in several brain areas, encompassing the caudate head, superior temporal gyrus, insula, fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex. The interaction analysis between BDNF levels and diagnosis showed a significant effect in the middle frontal gyrus. HC reported higher BDNF levels associated with higher GM volumes, whereas no association between BDNF and GM volumes was observed in BD.

Discussion

Our study seems to suggest that although the production of BDNF is increased in BD possibly to prevent and repair neural damage, its effects could be hampered by underlying neuroinflammatory processes interfering with the neurodevelopmental role of BDNF.

Keywords

BDNFGray matterNeuroinflammationBipolar disorder
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 40 , February 2017 , pp. 33 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2017

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