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Depression and anxiety among older people in central africa: Epidemca population-based study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

A. Gbessemehlan ,
M. Guerchet ,
C. Adou ,
J.-P. Clément ,
B. Ndamba-Bandzouzi ,
P. Mbelesso ,
D. Houinato  and
P.-M. Preux
A. Gbessemehlan*
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
M. Guerchet
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
C. Adou
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
J.-P. Clément
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
B. Ndamba-Bandzouzi
Affiliation:
Department Of Neurology, Brazzaville University Hospital, Brazzaville, Congo, Republic of
P. Mbelesso
Affiliation:
Department Of Neurology, Amitié Hospital, Bangui, Central African Republic
D. Houinato
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
P.-M. Preux
Affiliation:
Inserm, Chu Limoges, Ird, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute Of Epidemiology And Tropical Neurology, Geist, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

The burden of depression and anxiety is poorly documented in Central African populations.

Objectives

To present the epidemiology of depressive and anxiety disorders among older people in two Central African countries.

Methods

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out in Republic of Congo (ROC) and Central African Republic (CAR) between 2011 - 2012 among people aged ≥ 65 years (EPIDEMCA study). Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and participants underwent a brief physical examination. Depression and anxiety symptoms were ascertained using a community version of the Geriatric Mental State (GMS-B3). Probable cases were defined as having a GMS-AGECAT score ≥ 3. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between potential risk factors collected and presence of at least one of both symptoms.

Results

Overall 2002 participants were included in the EPIDEMCA study. Median age of the participants was 72 years [interquartile range: 68 – 78 years] and 61.8% were females. Prevalence was 38.1% (95% Confidence Interval: 35.9% - 40.2%) for depression, 7.7% (95% CI: 6.5% - 8.9%) for anxiety. In total 40.1% had least one of both symptoms. In multivariable models, the following factors were associated with the presence of at least one of both symptoms: female sex, residence area, frailty, cognitive disorders, a high happiness score (protective) and hypertension (adjusted Odds Ratios from 1.3 to 1.7; p<0.01).

Conclusions

In light of the high prevalence of both psychiatric symptoms among Central African older people, evidence on their epidemiology is important for better management and policy planning.

Keywords

DepressionAfrican Older peopleAnxietyEPIDEMCA
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S238 - S239
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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