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World Opinion and Colonial Status1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2009

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Extract

“The great purpose of the British Empire is the gradual spread of freedom among all His Majesty's subjects in whatever part of the world they live. That spread of freedom is a slow evolutionary process. In some countries it is more rapid than others.… It may take generations or even centuries for the peoples in some parts of the Colonial Empire to achieve self-government. But it is a major part of our policy, even among the most backward peoples of Africa, to teach them and to encourage them always to be able to stand a little more on their own two feet.”

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Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The IO Foundation 1954

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References

2 Hansard, Fifth Series, Vol. 342, p. 1246.

3 The total number of registered electors in the French colonial empire in 1936 was 432,122, of whom many were metropolitan Frenchmen, cf. Boisdon, D., Les Institutions de. I'Union Française. Paris, 1949, p. 10Google Scholar.

4 The apostles of secession have unfettered freedom as nationalists but they will be shot as revolutionaries.” Hancock, W. K., Survey of British Commonwealth Affairs, I, p. 500Google Scholar.

5 Cited in Haas, E. B., “The Attempt to terminate Colonialism: Acceptance of the United Nations Trusteeship System.” International Organization, Vol. 7, p. 4Google Scholar.

6 Cited in ibid., p. 6.

7 Hansard, Fifth Series, Vol. 391, p. 48–49.

8 Compare Bell, Coral, “The United Nations and the West,” International Affairs, Vol. 29, p. 464–472CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

9 United Kingdom, Foreign Office. A Commentary on the Charter of the United Nations. Cmd. 6666, p. 11Google Scholar.

10 Report of the Ad Hoe Committee on Factors (Non-Self-Governing Territories). Document A/2428.

11 M. O. “Some Considerations of Indianist Policy,” in Linton, R. (ed.), The Science of Man in the World Crisis, New York, 1945, p. 399Google Scholar.

12 The o seas territories include all parts of the Frene' Emnire except the trust territories, the four as departments (Guadeloupe, Martinqup Reunion and Guiana), Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. In 1951, there were some five and a quarter million registered electors in the overseas territories and the two trust territories as well as a further two and a quarter million in the Overseas Departments and Algeria. There were only some 400,000 voters in these areas in 1936.

13 Beloff, Max. “Problems of International Government”, Yearbook of World Affairs, Vol. 8, London, 1954, p. 6Google Scholar.

14 Compare Hawtrey, R. G., Economic Aspects of Sovereignty, 2d Edition, London, 1952Google Scholar, especially Chapters I and II.

15 Martinique, Guadeloupe, Guiana and Reunion. For a fuller examination of their present juridical and political position, see Robinson, Kenneth E., “The End of Empire: Another View” in International Affairs, Vol. 30, p. 186195CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

16 Although the calculation has been expressed in the proportions cited, it does not appear that the figures are justified. If Indochina and the two North African Protectorates are omitted from the calculation, as they must surely be, the total populations of the overseas territories and departments (including Algeria) on the one hand and of metropolitan France on the other, appear to be of the order of 40½ millions, and 42½ millions, respectively.

17 For the arrangements made in 1946 in the overseas territories, see Robinson, Kenneth E., The Public Law of Overseas France since the War, Oxford: Institute of Colonial Studies, 2d Edition, 1954Google Scholar.

18 Bell, P. W., “Colonialism as a Problem in American Foreign Policy” in World Politics, Vol. V, p. 89Google Scholar. This most interesting analysis of the problem from an American point of view arrives at conclusions substantially similar to those here put forward.

19 On this compare Kelsen, H., The Law of the United Nations, London, 1950, p. 550695Google Scholar; Day, G., Les Affaires de la Tunisie et du Maroc devant les Nations Unies, Paris, 1953, especially p. 5283Google Scholar; United Kingdom, Colonial Office: Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories (Colonial No. 228), London, 1948Google Scholar; United Kingdom, Foreign Office: General Assembly of the United Nations, 1949: Memorandum on Proceedings relating to Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories (Cmd. 8035); H. Lauterpacht in Report of the 42d Conference of the International Law Association, Prague, 1947.

20 Bell, P. W., cited above, p. 102Google Scholar.

21 Bell, P. W., cited above, p. 109Google Scholar.