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Benzodiazepine & nonbenzodiazepine prescriptions for Taiwanese elderly with type 2 diabetes contributes to cognitive dysfunction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2014

Yung-Rung Lai ,
Yi-Sun Yang ,
Min-Ling Tsai ,
Chien-Ning Huang  and
Jeng-Yuan Chiou
Yung-Rung Lai
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Yi-Sun Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Min-Ling Tsai
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Chien-Ning Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Jeng-Yuan Chiou*
Affiliation:
School of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Jeng-Yuan Chiou, PhD, School of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N.Rd., Taichung City 40201, Taiwan. Phone: +886-4-24739595; Ext.: 38140; Fax: +886-4-23248155. Email: tom@csmu.edu.tw.
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Abstract

Background:

This study examined the relationship of cognitive function and benzodiazepine/nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics (BZD/nonBZD) and other risk factors in a national sample of Taiwan's elderly diabetic patients.

Methods:

Data were drawn from the “2005 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)”, a population-based study of a national sample of adults aged 65 years and older. A total of 653 participants were included in this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate patient's cognitive function for which the cut-off score is education-adjusted.

Results:

There were 130 participants left in the diabetic group and 523 participants in the control group. The average age was 74.2 and 73.3 respectively. The rate of cognitive dysfunction in DM and non DM participants was 11.5% (15/130) and 8.4% (44/523). Compared with those without diabetes in multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio of cognitive impairment was 1.87-fold higher for diabetic patients (95% CI 1.04–3.61) after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and BZD/nonBZD. Other factors were not significant. We performed an additional logistic analysis for which the odds ratio of cognitive impairment in diabetic patients with BZD/nonBZD was significantly increased to 2.41 (95% CI 1.08–5.40) than for patients without diabetes and BZD/nonBZD.

Conclusion:

In our research, cognitive dysfunction was associated with diabetes. BZD/nonBZD may have conferred additional risk of cognitive impairment in our elderly diabetic patients. We should consider examining the mental function of DM patients regularly and try our best to avoid potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs).

Keywords

type 2 diabetes mellituselderlycognition disordersbenzodiazepinesnonbenzodiazepinehypnotics and sedatives
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 26 , Issue 10 , October 2014 , pp. 1719 - 1727
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

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