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Japanese versions of the Executive Interview (J-EXIT25) and the Executive Clock Drawing Task (J-CLOX) for older people

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2014

Teruyuki Matsuoka ,
Yuka Kato ,
Shogo Taniguchi ,
Mayu Ogawa ,
Hiroshi Fujimoto ,
Aiko Okamura ,
Keisuke Shibata ,
Kaeko Nakamura ,
Hiroyuki Uchida  and
Shutaro Nakaaki
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Teruyuki Matsuoka*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Yuka Kato
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Shogo Taniguchi
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Mayu Ogawa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Hiroshi Fujimoto
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Aiko Okamura
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Umibeno-mori Hospital, 251 Nagahama, Kochi 781-0270, Japan
Keisuke Shibata
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Kawagoe Hospital, 48 Jodoji-Baba-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8412, Japan
Kaeko Nakamura
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Hiroyuki Uchida
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Shutaro Nakaaki
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Hiroyuki Koumi
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social Welfare, Hanazono University, 8-1 Tubonouchi-cho, Nishinokyo, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8456, Japan
Masaru Mimura
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Kenji Fukui
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
Jin Narumoto
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Teruyuki Matsuoka, Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. Phone: +81-75-2515612; Fax: +81-75-2515839. Email: tmms2004@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
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Abstract

Background:

The aim of the study was to develop the Japanese versions of Executive Interview (J-EXIT25) and Executive Clock Drawing Task (J-CLOX) and to evaluate the aspects of executive function that these two tests will be examining.

Methods:

The concurrent validity and reliability of J-EXIT25 and J-CLOX were first examined in all participants (n = 201). Next, the relationship between the two tests was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), correlation, and regression analyses in healthy participants (n = 45) and participants with mild cognitive impairment (n = 36) and dementia (n = 95).

Results:

Satisfactory concurrent validity and reliability of J-EXIT25 and J-CLOX were shown. ROC analysis indicated that J-EXIT25 and J-CLOX1 were superior to the Frontal Assessment Battery, but inferior to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), in discriminating between non-dementia and dementia. J-EXIT25, J-CLOX1, and J-CLOX2 scores were significantly correlated with age, scores on the MMSE, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), and care level. In stepwise regression analyses of IADL scores, MMSE and J-EXIT25 were significantly independent predictors in men, and MMSE, age, and J-CLOX1 were significantly independent predictors in women. J-EXIT25, MMSE, and J-CLOX1 were significantly independent predictors in stepwise regression analysis of PSMS scores, and J-EXIT25 was the only significantly independent predictor in stepwise regression analysis of care level.

Conclusions:

J-EXIT25 and J-CLOX are valid and reliable instruments for assessment of executive function in older people. The present results suggest that these tests have common and distinct psychometric properties in the assessment of executive function.

Keywords

EXIT25CLOXexecutive functionclock drawing testdementiaInstrumental Activities of Daily LivingPhysical Self-Maintenance Scalecare level
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 26 , Issue 8 , August 2014 , pp. 1387 - 1397
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

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