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Prevalence and clinical correlates of depression in the acute phase of first episode schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2014

Eric Roche ,
Mary Clarke ,
Stephen Browne ,
Niall Turner ,
Orflaith McTuige ,
Moaayad Kamali ,
Anthony Kinsellla ,
Conall Larkin ,
John L Waddington  and
Eadbhard O'Callaghan
Eric Roche
Affiliation:
Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Block 5, Blackrock Business Park, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co Dublin, Ireland
Mary Clarke
Affiliation:
Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin, Ireland and Dept of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
Stephen Browne
Affiliation:
Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin, Ireland
Niall Turner
Affiliation:
Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Block 5, Blackrock Business Park, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co Dublin, Ireland
Orflaith McTuige
Affiliation:
Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin, Ireland
Moaayad Kamali
Affiliation:
Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin, Ireland
Anthony Kinsellla
Affiliation:
Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Block 5, Blackrock Business Park, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co Dublin, Ireland
Conall Larkin
Affiliation:
Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin and Dept of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
John L Waddington
Affiliation:
Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
Eadbhard O'Callaghan*
Affiliation:
Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Stanley Research Unit, Dept of Adult Psychiatry, St. John of God Hospitaller Services and Dept of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
*
*Correspondence E-mail: eadbhard@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background: Reported rates of depression in schizophrenia vary considerably.

Objective: To measure the prevalence of depression in a first episode sample of people with schizophrenia.

Methods: All referrals with a first episode of schizophrenia diagnosed using SCID interviews were assessed pre-discharge and again six months later. We used the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to assess the severity of symptoms.

Results: Pre-discharge, 10.4% of the sample met CDSS criteria for depression. According to the PANSS depression (PANSS -D) subscale, 3% of patients were depressed, with a mean score of 7.48 (SD = 2.97). Only 3% of patients pre-discharge were found to be depressed on both the CDSS and the PANSS-D. Six months later 6.5% were depressed according to the CDSS. However none reached depression criteria according to the PANSS-D. The CDSS correlated with PANSS-D both pre-discharge and at follow-up. Feelings of depression and self-deprecation were the most common symptoms at baseline and follow-up. The CDSS was unrelated to negative symptoms at both stages. A lifetime history of alcohol abuse increased the risk for depression.

Conclusion: Rates of depression in this sample were low. The CDSS appears to discriminate between depression and negative symptoms. Like the general population, alcohol misuse is a risk factor for depression in first episode schizophrenia.

Keywords

First episode psychosisSchizophreniaDepressionCalgary depression scale
Type
Original Papers
Information
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine , Volume 27 , Issue 1 , March 2010 , pp. 15 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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