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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 July 2021
This special issue of the Journal of Chinese History is dedicated to studies of the connection between migration and the state throughout Chinese history. The special editor's introduction first surveys the major types of migration within China proper, and towards the outside world, including citations to recent scholarship. It brings the eight papers of this issue into dialogue with each other around four major themes: migration and the limits of state power, the violence and trauma of migration, migration and identity, and migration and gender/family issues.
1 Manning, Patrick and Trimmer, Tiffany, Migration in World History, 3rd edn (New York: Routledge, 2020), 1–6CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
2 Lee, James, “Migration and Expansion in Chinese History,” in Human Migration: Patterns and Policies, edited by McNeill, William H. and Adams, Ruth S. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978), 20–47Google Scholar.
3 Lee, “Migration and Expansion,” 23–24 figures 1, 2. These periods are 221–200 BCE, 150–100 BCE, 200–250 CE, 300–500, 675–725, 925–950, 1025–1050, 1225–1300, 1350–1425, and 1625–1650.
4 Diana Lary, Chinese Migrations: The Movement of People, Goods, and Ideas over Four Millenia (New York: Rowman and Littlefield, 2012).
5 Steven B. Miles, Chinese Diasporas: A Social History of Global Migration (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020).
6 Ge Jianxiong 葛劍雄, Wu Songdi 吳松弟, and Cao Shuji 曹樹基, Zhongguo yimin shi 中國移民史, 6 vols. (Fuzhou: Fujian Renmin Chubanshe, 1997).
7 Ge Jianxiong 葛剑雄, et al., Zhongguo renkou shi 中国人口史, 6 vols. (Shanghai: Fudan Daxue Chubanshe, 2000–2002).
8 Miles, Chinese Diasporas, 14.
9 Herold J. Wiens, China's March Toward the Tropics: A Discussion of the Southward Penetration of China's Culture, Peoples, and Political Control in Relation to the Non-Han-Chinese Peoples of South China and in the Perspective of Historical and Cultural Geography (Hamden: Shoe String Press, 1954); Mark Elvin, The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004); Chun-shu Chang, The Rise of the Chinese Empire, 2 vols. (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2007); Leo Kwok-yueh Shin, The Making of the Chinese State: Ethnicity and Expansion on the Ming Borderlands (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006); Charles Patterson Giersch, Asian Borderlands: The Transformation of Qing China's Yunnan Frontier (Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 2006); John E. Herman, Amid the Clouds and Mist: China's Colonization of Guizhou, 1200–1700 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2007); Thomas R. Gottschang and Diana Lary, Swallows and Settlers: The Great Migration from North China to Manchuria (Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 2000).
10 Angela Schottenhammer, “China: Medieval Era Migrations,” in The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, edited by Immanuel Ness (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013), 2:995–1004; Zhang Ling, The River, the Plain, and the State: An Environmental Drama in Northern Song China, 1048–1128 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016); Micah S. Muscolino, The Ecology of War in China: Henan Province, the Yellow River, and Beyond, 1938–1950 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015); Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang, The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory and Identity in Modern Taiwan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020); Frank Dikötter, Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958–1962 (New York: Walker, 2010).
11 Tiejun Cheng and Mark Selden, “The Origins and Social Consequences of China's Hukou System,” China Quarterly 139 (September 1994), 644–68; Kam Wing Chan, Cities with Invisible Walls: Reinterpreting Urbanization in Post-1949 China (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994); Kam Wing Chan, Fang Cai, Guanghua Wan, and Man Wang, Urbanization with Chinese Characteristics: The Hukou System and Migration (London: Routledge, 2018); Jeremy Brown, City Versus Countryside in Mao's China: Negotiating the Divide (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012).
12 Leslie T. Chang, Factory Girls: From Village to City in a Changing China (New York: Random House, 2009); Floris-Jan van Luyn, A Floating City of Peasants: The Great Migration in Contemporary China (New York: New Press, 2006).
13 Brown, City Versus Countryside, 8, 231.
14 Thomas P. Bernstein, Up to the Mountains and Down to the Villages: The Transfer of Youth from Urban to Rural China (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977); Michel Bonnin, The Lost Generation: The Rustication of China's Education Youth (1968–1980), translated by Krystyna Horko (Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2013); Emily Honig and Xiaojian Zhao, Across the Great Divide: The Sent-Down Youth Movement in Mao's China, 1968–1980 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019).
15 Philip Kuhn, Chinese Among Others: Emigration in Modern Times (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2008); Adam McKeown, Chinese Migrant Networks and Cultural Change: Peru, Chicago, Hawaii, 1900–1936 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001); Adam McKeown, “Global Migration, 1846–1940,” Journal of World History 15.2 (2004), 155–89; Miles, Chinese Diasporas, 6–7.
16 See also Jeremy Brown, “Finding and Using Grassroots Historical Sources from the Mao Era.” Chinese History Dissertation Reviews. https://dissertationreviews.wordpress.com/2010/12/15/finding-and-using-grassroots-historical-sources-from-the-mao-era-by-jeremy-brown/.
17 See also Miles, Steven B., Opportunity in Crisis: Cantonese Migrants and the State in Late Qing China (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2021)Google Scholar.
18 Gottschang and Lary, Swallows and Settlers, 2–3, 139. The net migration for the period from 1890 to 1990 was seventeen million people added to Manchuria.
19 See also Fan, Joshua, China's Homeless Generation: Voices from the Veterans of the Chinese Civil War, 1940s-1990s (New York: Routledge, 2011)Google Scholar; Meyer, Mahlon, Remembering China from Taiwan: Divided Families and Bittersweet Reunions after the Chinese Civil War (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
20 Ebrey, Patricia, “China's Repeated Unifications,” Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 70.2 (2017), 82–83Google Scholar.
21 Mann, Susan, “The Virtue of Travel for Women in the Late Empire,” in Gender in Motion: Divisions of Labor and Cultural Change in Late Imperial and Modern China, edited by Goodman, Bryna and Larson, Wendy (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005), 55–74Google Scholar.
22 Miles, Steven B., Upriver Journeys: Diaspora and Empire in Southern China, 1570–1850 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2017)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
23 Emily Honig, Sisters and Strangers: Women in the Shanghai Cotton Mills, 1919–1949 (Stanford: Stanford University Press); Lee, Ching Kwan, Gender and the South China Miracle: Two Worlds of Factory Women (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
