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Inertial flow transitions of a suspension in Taylor–Couette geometry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2017

Madhu V. Majji Open the ORCID record for Madhu V. Majji [Opens in a new window] ,
Sanjoy Banerjee  and
Jeffrey F. Morris
Madhu V. Majji
Affiliation:
Benjamin Levich Institute, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA Energy Institute, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA Department of Chemical Engineering, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA
Sanjoy Banerjee
Affiliation:
Energy Institute, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA Department of Chemical Engineering, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA
Jeffrey F. Morris*
Affiliation:
Benjamin Levich Institute, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA Department of Chemical Engineering, CUNY City College of New York, New York, NY10031, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: morris@ccny.cuny.edu
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Abstract

Experiments on the inertial flow transitions of a particle–fluid suspension in the concentric cylinder (Taylor–Couette) flow with rotating inner cylinder and stationary outer cylinder are reported. The radius ratio of the apparatus was $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}=d_{i}/d_{o}=0.877$ , where $d_{i}$ and $d_{o}$ are the diameters of inner and outer cylinders. The ratio of the axial length to the radial gap of the annulus $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}=L/\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}=20.5$ , where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}=(d_{o}-d_{i})/2$ . The suspensions are formed of non-Brownian particles of equal density to the suspending fluid, of two sizes such that the ratio of annular gap to the mean particle diameter $d_{p}$ was either $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}/d_{p}=30$ or $100$ . For the experiments with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=100$ , the particle volume fraction was $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=0.10$ and for the experiments with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=30$ , $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ was varied over $0\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\leqslant 0.30$ . The focus of the work is on determining the influence of particle loading and size on inertial flow transitions. The primary effects of the particles were a reduction of the maximum Reynolds number for the circular Couette flow (CCF) and several non-axisymmetric flow states not seen for a pure fluid with only inner cylinder rotation; here the Reynolds number is $Re=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}d_{i}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}/2\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{s}$ , where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$ is the rotation rate of the inner cylinder and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{s}$ are the density and effective viscosity of the suspension. For purposes of maintaining uniform particle distribution, the rotation rate of the inner cylinder (or $Re$ ) was decreased slowly from a state other than CCF to probe the transitions. When $Re$ was decreased, pure fluid transitions from wavy Taylor vortex flow (WTV) to Taylor vortex flow (TVF) to CCF occurred. The suspension transitions differed. For $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=30$ and $0.05\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\leqslant 0.15$ , with reduction of $Re$ , additional non-axisymmetric flow states, namely spiral vortex flow (SVF) and ribbons (RIB), were observed between TVF and CCF. At $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=0.30$ , the flow transitions observed were only non-axisymmetric: from wavy spiral vortices (WSV) to SVF to CCF. The values of $Re$ corresponding to each flow transition were observed to reduce with increase in particle loading for $0\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\leqslant 0.30$ , with the initial transition away from CCF, for example, occurring at $Re\approx 120$ for the pure fluid and $Re\approx 75$ for the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=0.30$ suspension. When the particle size was reduced to yield $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=100$ , at $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=0.10$ , only the RIB (and no SVF) was observed between TVF and CCF.

JFM classification

Complex Fluids: Suspensions Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 835 , 25 January 2018 , pp. 936 - 969
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Copyright
© 2017 Cambridge University Press 

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