Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x24gv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-08T23:17:05.938Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The velocity and vorticity vector fields of a turbulent boundary layer. Part 1. Simultaneous measurement by hot-wire anemometry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

Petar Vukoslavĉević
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
James M. Wallace
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Jean-Louis Balint
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

Abstract

A nine-sensor hot-wire probe is described which is capable of simultaneously measuring the velocity and vorticity vectors with a spatial resolution of about six Kolmogorov microscales just above the viscous sublayer in a thick turbulent boundary layer at a Reynolds number of Rθ = 2685. Results from tests of the probe performance are presented to show that the three velocity components at each of its three arrays are measured with sufficient accuracy to allow determination of velocity gradients and from them the vorticity vector. Measurements with this probe of statistical properties of the velocity and vorticity fields of the turbulent boundary layer are given in Part 2 of this paper. When compared to the results of others, they further demonstrate the capability of this probe to measure simultaneously the velocity and vorticity vectors in turbulent flows of low to moderate Reynolds numbers.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1991 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Antonia, R. A., Browne, L. W. B. & Shah, D. A. 1988 Characteristics of vorticity fluctuations in a turbulent wake. J. Fluid Mech. 189, 349365.Google Scholar
Balint, J.-L., Vukoslavčević, P. & Wallace, J. M. 1987 A study of the vortical structure of the turbulent boundary layer. In Advances in Turbulence (ed. G. Comte-Bellot & J. Mathieu), pp. 456464. Springer.
Balint, J.-L., Wallace, J. M. & Vukoslavčević, P. 1991 The velocity and vorticity vector fields of a turbulent boundary layer. Part 2. Statistical properties. J. Fluid Mech. 228, 5386.Google Scholar
Bötcher, J. & Eckelmann, H. 1985 Measurement of the velocity gradient with hot-film probes. Exps Fluids 3, 8791.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, P. 1975 An Introduction to Turbulence and its Measurement, 2nd edn. pp. 121126. Pergamon.
Bruun, H. H. & Tropea, C. 1980 Calibration of normal, inclined and x-array hot-wire probes. Sonderforschungbereich, vol. 80. University of Karlsruhe.
Champagne, F. H., Sleicher, C. A. & Wehrmann, O. H. 1967 Turbulence measurement, with inclined hot-wires. Part 1. Heat transfer experiments with inclined hot-wires. J. Fluid Mech. 28, 153176.Google Scholar
Coles, D. E. 1962 The turbulent boundary layer in compressible fluid. Appendix A: a manual of experimental practice for low speed flow. Rand Rep. R403R-PR, ARC24473.Google Scholar
Corrsin, S. & Kistler, A. L. 1954 The free-stream boundaries of turbulent flows. NACA TN 3133.Google Scholar
Eckelmann, H., Nychas, S. G., Brodkey, R. S. & Wallace, J. M. 1977 Vorticity and turbulence production in pattern recognized turbulent flow structures. Phys. Fluids 20, S225S231.Google Scholar
Falco, R. E. 1983 New results, a review and synthesis of the mechanism of turbulence production in boundary layers and its modification. AIAA-83–0377.Google Scholar
Foss, J. F. 1981 Advanced techniques for transverse vorticity measurements In Proc. 7th Biennial Symp. on Turbulence, University of Missouri-Rolla, pp. 208218.
Foss, J. F., Ali, S. K. & Haw, R. C. 1987 A critical analysis of transverse vorticity measurements in a large plane shear layer. In Advances in Turbulence (ed. G. Comte-Bellot & J. Mathieu), pp. 446455. Springer.
Foss, J. F., Klewicki, C. L. & Disimile, P. J. 1986 Transverse vorticity measurements using an array of four hot-wires. NASA CR 178098.Google Scholar
Foss, J. F. & Wallace, J. M. 1989 The measurement of vorticity in transitional and fully developed turbulent flows. In Advances in Fluid Mechanics Measurements (ed. M. Gad-el-Hak). Lecture Notes in Engineering, vol. 45, pp. 263321. Springer.
Haw, R. C., Foss, J. K. & Foss, J. F. 1989 The vortical properties of the high speed region in a plane shear layer and its parent boundary layer. In Advances in Turbulence, vol. 2 (ed. H.-H. Fernholz & H. E. Fiedler), pp. 9095. Springer.
Kastrinakis, E. G. 1976 An experimental investigation of the fluctuations of the streamwise components of the velocity and vorticity vectors in a fully developed turbulent channel flow. Dissertation, Georg-August Universität zu Göttingen.
Kastrinakis, E. G., Eckelmann, H. & Willmarth, W. W. 1979 Influence of the flow velocity on a Kovasznay type vorticity probe. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50, 759767.Google Scholar
Kastrinakis, E. G. & Eckelmann, H. 1983 Measurement of streamwise vorticity fluctuations in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 137, 165186.Google Scholar
Kastrinakis, E. G., Nychas, S. G. & Eckelmann, H. 1983 Some streamwise vorticity characteristics of coherent structures. In Structure of Complex Turbulent Shear Flow (ed. R. Dumas & L. Fulachier), pp. 3140. Springer.
Kastrinakis, E. G., Wallace, J. M., Willmarth, W. W., Ghorashi, B. & Brodkey, R. S. 1977 On the mechanism of bounded turbulent shear flows In Structure and Mechanisms of Turbulence I. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 75, pp. 175189.
Kim, J., Moin, P. & Moser, R. 1987 Turbulence statistics in fully developed channel flow at low Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 177, 133166.Google Scholar
Kim, J.-H. & Fiedler, H. 1989 Vorticity measurements in a turbulent mixing layer. In Advances in Turbulence, vol. 2 (ed. H.-H. Fernholz & H. E. Fiedler), pp. 267271. Springer.
King, L. V. 1914 On the convection of heat from small cylinders in a stream of fluid.. Phys. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 214, 373432.Google Scholar
Kistler, A. L. 1952 The vorticity meter. M.S. Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University.
Klebanoff, P. S. 1954 Characteristics of turbulence in a boundary layer with zero pressure gradient. NACA TN 3178.Google Scholar
Klewicki, J. C. & Falco, R. E. 1990 On accurately measuring statistics associated with small scale structure in turbulent boundary layers using hot-wire probes. J. Fluid Mech. 219, 119143.Google Scholar
Kovasznay, L. S. G. 1950 Q. Prog. Rep. Aero. Dept. Contract NORD-8036-JHB-39. The Johns Hopkins University.
Kovasznay, L. S. G. 1954 Turbulence measurements. In Physical Measurements in Gas Dynamics and Combustion, vol. 10 (ed. R. W. Landenbuerg, B. Lewis, R. N. Pease & H. S. Taylor), pp. 213. Princeton University Press.
Kreplin, H.-P. & Eckelmann, H. 1979 Instantaneous direction of the velocity vector in a fully developed turbulent channel flow. Phys. Fluids 22, 12101211.Google Scholar
Lang, D. B. 1985 Laser Doppler velocity and vorticity measurements in turbulent shear layers. Ph.D. Dissertation, California Institute of Technology.
Laufer, J. 1953 The structure of turbulence in fully developed pipe flow. NACA TN 2954.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, R. W., Orszag, S. A., Brachet, M. E., Menon, S. & Riley, J. J. 1987 Secondary instability of a temporally growing mixing layer. J. Fluid Mech. 184, 207243.Google Scholar
Nychas, S. G., Kastrinakis, E. G. & Eckelmann, H. 1985 On certain aspects of vorticity dynamics and turbulent energy production. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 235, pp. 269278.
Pao, Y. H. 1965 Structure of turbulent velocity and scalar fields at large wave numbers. Phys. Fluids 8, 10631075.Google Scholar
Piomelli, U., Balint, J.-L. & Wallace, J. M. 1989 On the validity of Taylor's hypothesis for wall-bounded turbulent flows.. Phys. Fluids A 1, 609611.Google Scholar
Rogers, M. M. & Moin, P. 1987 The structure of the vorticity field in homogeneous turbulent flows. J. Fluid Mech. 176, 3366.Google Scholar
Spalart, P. R. 1988 Direct simulation of a turbulent boundary layer up to R = 1410. J. Fluid Mech. 187, 6198.Google Scholar
Spalding, D. B. 1961 A single formula for the law of the wall. Trans. ASME E: J. Appl. Mech. 28, 455457.Google Scholar
Tennekes, H. & Lumley, J. L. 1972 A First Course in Turbulence. MIT Press.
Townsend, A. A. 1951 The structure of the turbulent boundary layer. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 47, 375395.Google Scholar
Vukoslavčević, P. & Wallace, J. M. 1981 Influence of velocity gradients on measurements of velocity and streamwise vorticity with hot-wire X-array probes. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 52, 869879.Google Scholar
Vukoslavčević, P., Wallace, J. M. & Balint, J.-L. 1990 The simultaneous measurement of the velocity and vorticity vectors in turbulent flow using hot-wire anemometry. Rep. TRL-90–1. University of Maryland, Dept. of Mech. Engng.
Wallace, J. M. 1986 Methods of measuring vorticity in turbulent flows. Exps Fluids 4, 6171.Google Scholar
Wallace, J. M., Brodkey, R. S. & Eckelmann, H. 1977 Pattern recognition in bounded turbulent shear flows. J. Fluid Mech. 83, 673693.Google Scholar
Wei, T. & Willmarth, W. W. 1989 Reynolds-number effects on the structure of a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 204, 5795.Google Scholar
Willmarth, W. W. & Bogar, T. J. 1977 Survey and new measurements of turbulent structure near the wall. Phys. Fluids 20, S9S21.Google Scholar
Willmarth, W. W. & Lu, S. S. 1972 Structure of the Reynolds stress near the wall. J. Fluid Mech. 55, 6592.Google Scholar
Wyngaard, J. C. 1969 Spatial resolution of the vorticity meter and other hot-wire arrays. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 2, 983987.Google Scholar