^{page 288 note 1} See Gerhard, , akadem. Abhandl. ii. p. 224Google Scholar. Strube, , Studien über den Bilderkreis von Eleusis, p. 53.Google Scholar

^{page 288 note 2} C. I. Gr. 4262 (Sidyma). A man named Isidoros occurs in an inscription, also from Sidyma, in Benndorf, Reisen in Lykien und Karien, p. 73, no. 51, 32.

^{page 289 note 1} Comp. Overbeck, , griech. Kunstmythologie, ii. p. 305Google Scholar. Lafaye, , hist. du culte des divinités d'Alexandrie hors de lľÉgypte, p. 16Google Scholar; 248; 265.—I beg to express my gratitude for several hints and communications, particularly on numismatic points, to my friends, Professor Gardner and Dr. Imhoof-Blumer of Winterthur. To Prof. Gardner I am particularly indebted for the composition of pl. E.

^{page 289 note 2} Zoega, , nummi Aegyptii, p. 398Google Scholar. Plew, , de Sarapide, Koenigsberg, 1868Google Scholar. The testimony of Ptolemaeus Soter himself in Arrian, vii. 26, 2, proves only that Sarapis, or a divinity identified with him by Ptolemaeus, was worshipped in Babylon.

^{page 289 note 3} Ricerche alessandrine, in the Memorie della R. Accad. di Torino, 2. ser., vol. xxvii. p. 189.

^{page 289 note 4} The oldest witness for this identification is Herakleides Pontikos (Plutarch, , de Is. et Osir. 27Google Scholar), a contemporary of Alexander the Great and Ptolemaeus Soter.

^{page 289 note 5} Alexandr, Clemens. protr. 4, 48 p. 43 ed. Potter. CompGoogle Scholar. the passage in Rufinus, , hist. eccl. ii. 23Google Scholar, relative to the same statue.

^{page 289 note 6} Griechische gleichnamige Künstler, Leipz. 1883, p. 20.

^{page 290 note 1} The expression σινωπίτης Ζϵύς in Dionys. perieg. 255, is due to the later identification of Sarapis with Zeus.

^{page 290 note 2} Plut., de Is. 28Google Scholar. Tacitus, , hist. iv. 63Google Scholar; 64.

^{page 290 note 3} Alex., Clem.protr. p. 42Google Scholar. According to Isidoros the statue came from Seleukeia, apparently in the reign of Ptolemaeus III. Euergetes, see Clemens and Tacitus, l.l.

^{page 290 note 4} This discrepancy has been justly laid stress upon by Lumbroso.

^{page 290 note 5} Comp. Kroker, l.l.

^{page 290 note 6} Brugsch, , geograph. Inschr. i. p. 240Google Scholar, has interpreted in this way the σινώπιον ὄρος near Memphis mentioned by Eustathios, ad Dionys. 255. Plew seems to be hypercritical in taking (p. 20) that name to be a mere fiction of Eustathios, intended to connect the Sinopian tradition with that of Memphis.

^{page 291 note 1} Brunn, , Gesch. d. griech. Künstler, i. p. 384Google Scholar, followed by Overbeck, Murray, Mrs. Mitchell, Lafaye, and many others, contradicted by Elein, , archaeolepigr. Mittheil. aus Oesterreich, 1881, p. 96Google Scholar, note 30, and Kroker, , l.l. p. 20.Google Scholar

^{page 291 note 2} Brit. Mus. Catal., Ptolemies, p. 79, pl. 18, 8. Fenardent, , Coll. Giov. Demetrio, Num., Eg. anc. i. pl. 5, 257Google Scholar. Zeitschr. f. Numism. iii. pl. 9, 15. Imhoof-Blumer, , Porträtköpfe auf ant. Münzen hellen. Völker, pl. 8, 12Google Scholar.—Brit. Mus. Cat., Seleucid Kings, p. 38, pl. 12, 11. Feuardent, pl. 11, 274.

^{page 291 note 3} Head, , Coinage of Syracuse, p. 75, pl. 14, 5Google Scholar. Brit. Mus. Cat., Sicily, p. 227, 701, &c. Combe, , Mus. Hunter., pl. 16, 2Google Scholar; 3; 6. Comp., Brit. Mus., Sicily, p. 51, 59Google Scholar; 62; p. 54, 87–90 (Catana); p. 98, 8 (Menaenum). For more instances see Wieseler, , über einige geschn. Steine, ii. 1Google Scholar (Abh. der Göttinger Ges. vol. xxxi.), p. 27.

^{page 292 note 1} Saturn. i. 20, 13; 14.

^{page 292 note 2} We should not be justified if from the want of this attribute in the above-named coins we inferred that it had no place also in the Alexandrian statue. The Ptolemies had sufficient reasons to adorn on their coins the head of the successor of Osiris with the well-known attribute of that national god, instead of covering it with the foreign-looking head ornament of his Greek substitute.

^{page 292 note 3} Nummi Aeg. p. 133, no. 309, note.

^{page 292 note 4} Sarapis, holding in 1. staff, extends r. over Cerberus: Zoega, p. 106, 63; 146, 380; 381. Pl. 8, 6 (Hadrian); similarly p. 269, 51 (Severus Alex.). Similar type, except that Sarapis holds in r. a patera: Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 46, 34 (Nicopolis, Caracalla); Mionnet, , Suppl. iv. p. 287, 86 (Pheneos, Plautilla)Google Scholar. Comp. the gems in Berlin, Tölken, , Verzeichniss, no. 69Google Scholar; 70.

^{page 292 note 5} Kunstmythologie, ii. p. 306.

^{page 293 note 1} Michaelis, , Anc. Marbles in Gr. Br. p. 327, no. 12Google Scholar. Journ. Hell. Stud. 1885, p. 35. Also in the Lansdowne statue (Anc. M. p. 470, no. 97. Clarac, iv. 758, 1851 A) the middle head, the snout of which is modern, is much broader.

^{page 293 note 2} See the instances given in Clarac, iv. pl. 757. Cavalieri, Ant. stat. l. III. et IV. pl. 28(in aedibus Vallarum).Google Scholar

^{page 293 note 3} Lansdowne House, no. 97. Clarac, iv. 758, 1851 A.—Brit. Museum, , Gr.-Rom. Sculpt. no. 127Google Scholar. Anc. Marbles, x. 43, 2. Clarac, iii. 396 D, 669 A.

^{page 293 note 4} Zoega, pl. 8, 6; 7. 16, 9.

^{page 293 note 5} Bartoli, S. (Beger), antiche lucerne, ii. pl. 6Google Scholar; 8.

^{page 293 note 6} I owe to Dr. Puchstein of Berlin and Prof. Gardner detailed notices as to the following examples:—

(a) Berlin, Antiquarium. H. 0.042 m. Friederichs, , Berl. ant. Bildw. ii. no. 2304Google Scholar. Bartoli, S., ant. luc. ii. pl. 7Google Scholar (reversed and too distinct in the forms). Rubbed.

(b) British Museum, Bronze Room. See woodcut, p. 293, original size.

(c) Berlin, Antiquarium. H. 0.054 m. Friederichs, ii. No. 2303. Of better work.

(d) British Museum, Bronze Room. I have little doubt that similar figures exist in many cabinets.

^{page 294 note 1} Nibby, , Mon. scelti di Villa Borgh. pl. 39Google Scholar. Braun, , Vorschule der Kunstmythologie, pl. 22Google Scholar. Müller-Wieseler, , Denkmäler, ii. 67, 853.Google Scholar

^{page 294 note 2} Mus. Chiaramonti, i. pl. 24. Pistolesi, , Vaticano, iv. pl. 57Google Scholar. Braun, , Vorschule, pl. 16Google Scholar. Müller-Wieseler, ii. 6, 67. Overbeck, , Atlas zur Kunstmyth, pl. 11, 11Google Scholar; 12.

^{page 295 note 1} Zoega, p. 27, 61.

^{page 295 note 2} Spec, of ant. sculpt. i. pl. 63. Clarac, iii. 398, 670.

^{page 295 note 3} Zoega, p. 49, 25.

^{page 295 note 4} Zoega, p. 51, 12; 62, 7b; 73, 90; 78, 133; 83, 144; 107, 78. Comp. p. 134, 335; 336. The same type on coins of Perinthos under Caracalla, Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 152, 38.

^{page 295 note 5} Zoega, p. 78, supposes the Sarapeion to be meant, which no doubt contained more statues of the god than the one chief statue. Comp. Ammianus Marc. xxii. 12 Serapeum…spirantibus signorum figmentis…exornatum.

^{page 295 note 6} Zoega, p. 106, 63; 146, 380; 381, pl. 8, 6. Overbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. Münzt. 4, 29 (Hadrian).Google Scholar

^{page 295 note 7} Zoega, p. 189, 226 (Anton. Pius); the ‘hircus ante pcdes’ is no doubt the Kerberos. On a coin of Hadrian (Zoega, p. 113, 154) the attributes of the patera and a fawn (instead of the sceptre) are combined.

^{page 295 note 8} With Kerberos in Pheneos (Plautilla, Mionnet, suppl. iv. p. 287, 86), in Nikopolis (Caracalla, and Geta, , Br. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 46, 34Google Scholar); without him in Hermokapelia in Mysia (Mionnet, , descr. iv. p. 44, 232Google Scholar). Without the patera in Marcianopolis (Macrinus, , Br. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 32, 31Google Scholar).

^{page 295 note 9} Tölken, , Verz. geschn. Steine in Berlin, p. 20Google Scholar, no. 67, with the addition of attributes of Zeus, eagle and thunderbolt; no. 70 in Roman warrior's dress, with Kerberos near him.

^{page 296 note 1} Zoega, p. 58, 117. Eckhel, , D.N. iv. p. 31Google Scholar, thinks the raised right to be characteristic for the combination of Ἥλιος Σάραπις.

^{page 296 note 2} Zoega, p. 45, 55 (Vespasian); p. 232, 27, pl. 14, 7. Overbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. Münzt. 4, 30 (Verus)Google Scholar. One may compare the terra-cotta lamp, Catal. Durand, no. 1777. In the British Museum there is, according to a notice by Prof. Gardner, a small Zeus-like bronze figure, possibly of Sarapis, standing, clad in a himation only, which passes over his left shoulder and leaves most of the body bare; on his head is a circular modius bound with laurel; in the right hand which hangs down he holds a short staff (part of thunderbolt?).

^{page 296 note 3} Zoega, p. 125, 236; 135, 337.

^{page 296 note 4} Zoega, p. 134, 335; 336. pl. 7, 14.

^{page 296 note 5} Dürr, , Reisen des Kaisers Hadrian, Vienna 1881, p. 65Google Scholar; 72, makes the emperor leave Alexandria in the autumn of 131, and the revolt begin at the end of that, or the beginning of the next year. The type of the coin would have a more pregnant signification if we could refer it to a visit to Alexandria of the emperor in 132–3.

^{page 296 note 6} Zoega, p. 269, 51 (Severus Alexander L πέμπτου; the same type with the date L ἑβδόμου is in the Imhoof collection); p. 296, 5 (Trebonianus); 325, 2 (Domitius Domitianus).

^{page 296 note 7} Cohen, , méd. impér. iii ². p. 165Google Scholar; 166; 169; 175; 180. Br. M. Cat., Thrace, p. 172, 11; 12 (Serdike); p. 120, 27 (Hadrianopolis).

^{page 296 note 8} Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 52; 63; 120; 133. Mionnet, suppl. ii. p. 324. The same type returns under Macrinus, Elagabalus, Maximinus, Traianus Decius and Hostilianus, Postumus.

^{page 297 note 1} Cohen, vi. p. 374, 121.

^{page 297 note 2} Impronte dellľ Instituto, v. 65 (Bullett. 1839, p. 105), with the inscription εἷς Ζεὺς Σέραπις. Berlin, no. 68 (Tolken).

^{page 297 note 3} R. Gal. di Firenze, serie iv. vol. i. pl. 20. Clarac, iii. 399, 673.

^{page 297 note 4} Director Milani of Florence has had the kindness to examine the bronze closely. The arms are not modern, as Overbeck says (Kunstmyth. ii. p. 314), but only broken and replaced, the style as well as the quality of the bronze and its patina proving its antique origin. The left foot too is broken a little above the sandal. Two joints of the ring-finger of the right hand are broken and missing. The eyes are of silver, the pupils excavated.

^{page 298 note 1} Journ. Hell. Stud. 1884, p. 157, no. 1. Archaeologia Scot. iv. pl. 16.

^{page 298 note 2} Dütschke, , ant. Bildwerke in Oberitalien, iv. p. 66, no. 102Google Scholar. Height 0·79 m.

^{page 298 note 3} Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 153, 39.

^{page 298 note 4} Helbig, , Wandgemaelde, no. 80. See below, p. 306.Google Scholar

^{page 298 note 5} Rare varieties show Sarapis holding in his hand either ears of corn (Cohen, , méd. impér. IV ³. p. 183, 381–383 [Caracalla]Google Scholar), or a fillet (bronze statuette at Stanmore Hill, Anc. Marbles in Gr. Brit. p. 660, no. 4), or a wreath (gems in Paris [Chabouillet, cab. des méd. no. 2026] and Vienna [Sacken and Kenner, Samml. des Münz-u. Ant.-Cab. p. 434, 285]).

^{page 300 note 1} I am indebted to Director Treu of Dresden for the following details on the Dresden statuettes and for the photograph reproduced on p. 299 :—

(a) Hettner, Dresden., Bildw. der kgl. Antikens., 4 ed., p. 50, no. 127Google Scholar. Good bronze, purporting to come from Alexandria; bought in Rome, 1877, from Martinetti. Eyes, lips, sandals of silver; further remains of silver may be hidden under the thick oxydation. H. 0.39 without the base, 0.465 including it. The base is old. The figure was broken at the feet, and so was the modius (ornamented with upright branches); both have been replaced. (See cut.)

(b) Dresden. Smaller bronze, h. 0.063. Bought 1885 from Dr. Dressel. The greater part of the arms and the feet is missing. The proportions are much more slender than in the larger statuette.

(c) Berlin, Antiquarium. Friederichs, , Berlins ant. Bildw. ii. no. 1868. H. 0.07Google Scholar.

(d) Berlin, Antiquarium. Friederichs, no. 1869; apparently from the same mould. H. 0.63.

(e) Gaedechens, Arolsen., Antiken zu Arolsen, p. 38, no. 29Google Scholar. Friederichs-Wolters, , Bausteine, p. 694, no. 1769. H. 0.065Google Scholar.

^{page 300 note 2} The latter circumstance is expressly mentioned in the description of the coins, Zoega, p. 264, 6 (Annia); 269, 50 (Sev. Alex.); 278, 15 (Maximinus); 287, 8, pl. 17, 13 (Tranquillina). Nothing is said of this detail in the coins of Gordianus III. no. 50; 59, Philippus, no. 15; 25a, Otacilia, no. 3b; 9b. Traianus Decius, no. 1, Volusianus, no. 4, Valerianus, no. 11, and in a gem at Paris (Chabouillet, no. 2026).

^{page 301 note 1} Imhoof, , Monnaies Grecques, pl. J, 15, p. 458, 13.Google Scholar

^{page 301 note 2} Zoega, p. 169, 56; 173, 97, pl. 10, 17. The coin, p. 197, 291, varies a little.

^{page 301 note 3} Zoega, p. 289, 36 (without the Ammon's horns).

^{page 301 note 4} C. I. Lat. ii. 46.

^{page 301 note 5} P. 174, note.

^{page 301 note 6} A similar coin is that of Ptolemais of the time of Septimius Severus, in de Saulcy, Numism. de la Terre-Sainte, p. 161, no. 4, pl. 8, 8.

^{page 301 note 7} Zoega, p. 83, 143 (Museo Tiepoli).

^{page 301 note 8} Mionnet, suppl. ii. p. 353, 903; 904.

^{page 301 note 9} Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 138, 13; 14.

^{page 301 note 10} Ibid. p. 139, 15–18. Mionnet, descr. i. p. 396, 228. Suppl. ii. p. 357, 924; 925 (in the Imhoof collection).

^{page 301 note 11} Brit. Mus. Cat., Thrace, p. 24, 1.

^{page 302 note 1} Mionnet, , descr. i. p. 395, 221Google Scholar. Planches, 69, 5. Museum Pembrok. ii. pl. 34.

^{page 302 note 2} Doctr. numm. ii. p. 37. Overbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. p. 103.Google Scholar

^{page 302 note 3} Numism. d'Alexandre le Grand, p. 172; 174 (indicated to me by Prof. Gardner). One may compare the name of the Bithynian town of Κυρσαιτά (Anon., Peripl. Ponti Eux. 12Google Scholar).

^{page 302 note 4} See p. 291, notes 2 and 3, and Comp. Wieseler, , über geschn. Steinc, ii. 1Google Scholar (Abh. d. Gött. Ges. vol. xxxi.), p. 27, &c. The head on the obverse of this coin (Mionnet, pl. 69, 5. Overbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. Münzt. 1, 19Google Scholar) has no attribute which would point to Sarapis.

^{page 303 note 1} Eckhel, , D. N. ii. p. 37Google Scholar. Mionnet, suppl. ii. p. 350, 889; 890. The cornucopiae occurs also alone on autonomous coins of Odessos (Mionnet, no. 895); it is less significant to find the same symbol held by a river-god (Panysos? Mionnet, no. 893; 894), the cornucopiae being a common attribute of this class of divinities. Prof. Gardner however is inclined to find a material connection between this reclining figure and the standing god of the other coins.

^{page 304 note 1} Michaelis, Comp., Anc. Marbles in Gr. Brit. p. 118Google Scholar; 119; 120, and the references given in note 313.

^{page 304 note 2} Sardonyx: Petersburg, A 4, 6, 19. Causeus de la Chausse, , Gemme ant. pl. 126Google Scholar. Inghirami, , Mon. etr. vi. pl. K, 1Google Scholar. —Niccolo: Millin, , Pierres grav. pl. 3Google Scholar. Müller-Wieseler, , Denkm. 2ed., ii. 2, 28Google Scholar (not in the third edition).—Vetro: Cades, , Impronte gemm. cl. i. A. 73Google Scholar.— Comp. Wieseler, l.l. Stephani, , Compte· Rondu, 1873, p. 150Google Scholar; 1877. p. 100.

^{page 306 note 1} Aristides, , or. in Sar. p. 54 ed. Jebb, .Google Scholar

^{page 306 note 2} Pag. 75, 5. The letterpress contains not a word about the statue.

^{page 306 note 3} Helbig, , Wandgemaelde, p. 26, no. 79Google Scholar; 80, both from private houses; Comp. Lafaye, p. 326, no. 216; 217.

^{page 307 note 1} Bril. Mus. Cat., Ptolemies, pl. 8.

^{page 307 note 2} Zoega, p. 124, 225 A similar Osiris occurs on the contemporary coins of Diospolis, ib. p. 125, 231.

^{page 307 note 3} Paus. i. 28, 6.

^{page 307 note 4} Schoene, , griech. Reliefs, pl. 26, 109Google Scholar. A youthful representation of the same god appears on a Cyrenæan relief at Edinburgh (Anc. Marbles, p. 298, no. 3. Journ. Hell. Stud. 1884, p. 157).

^{page 308 note 1} Berlin, no. 679. Wieseler, , Abh. der Gött. Ges. vol. xxGoogle Scholar. Furtwängler, , Samml. Sabouroff, pl. 27.Google Scholar

^{page 308 note 2} Mon. Ined. d. Inst. vi. 58.

^{page 308 note 3} Naples, no. 3091 (Heydemann). Förster, , Raub der Persephone, pl. 2Google Scholar. Overbeck, , Atlas z. Kunstmyth. pl. 18, 11.Google Scholar

^{page 308 note 4} Vase in the Brit. Museum, no. 811. Mon. Incd. dellľ Inst. v. 49: cornueopiae. Reliefs in Pal. Albani (Matz-Duhn, no. 3494. Zoega, , Bassir. i. 1Google Scholar. Müller-Wieseler, , Denkm. ii. 7, 76Google Scholar), and in the Lateran Museum (no. 460. Benndorf and Schoene, pl. 14, Comp. Matz-Duhn, iii. p. 16): sceptre and cornucopiae.

^{page 308 note 5} Mon. Ined. d. Inst. i. 4. Müller-Wieseler, , Denkm. ii. 9, 110Google Scholar, with Wieseler's remarks.

^{page 308 note 6} Anc. Marbles Brit. Mus. xi. 47, ‘Plutus and Fortune.’

^{page 308 note 7} Dütschke, , ant. Bildw. in Oberitalien, v. no. 102.Google Scholar

^{page 308 note 8} Foucart, , Bull. Hellen. 1883, p. 387.Google Scholar

^{page 308 note 9} Bull. d. Inst. 1861, p. 86.

^{page 310 note 1} Bull. comun. di Roma, 1885, pl. 2, 3; for more instances see G. L. Visconti, ibid. p. 29.

^{page 310 note 2} Zoega, p. 163, 3; 4.

^{page 310 note 3} Zoega, p. 218, 67; 226, 4; 230, 15.

^{page 310 note 4} Zoega, p. 244, 86.

^{page 310 note 5} Zoega, p. 232, 27, pl. 14, 7.

^{page 310 note 6} Boehlau, , quaestiones de re vestiaria Graccorum, Weimar 1884, p. 17Google Scholar; 55.

^{page 310 note 7} Antich. di Ercol. vi. 24. Museo Borbon, iii. 26. Müller, -Wieseler, , Denkm. ii. 73, 926Google Scholar, with Wieseler's letterpress.

^{page 311 note 1} Huebner, , ant. Bildw. in Madrid, no. 38Google Scholar. Clarac, iii. 410 H, 837 H.

^{page 311 note 2} See Lützow, , Münchner Antiken, p. 15.Google Scholar

^{page 311 note 3} Graeco-Roman Sculpt, no. 198. Anc. Marbles, x. 23. Clarac, iv. 696 B, 1621 A. Ellis, Townley Gallery, i. p. 215. Vaux, , Handbook, p. 210.Google Scholar

^{page 311 note 4} Clarac, iii. 452, 826 (Torlonia); 468, 883 (Chiaramonti); 471, 899 (Vescovali). The signification as an Artemis seems fully established by a hole destined for the quiver in the excellent Braschi statue at Munich, no. 113. Lützow, , Münchn. Ant. pl. 7Google Scholar. Clarac, iv. 449, 790.

^{page 311 note 5} Beulé, , monn. d'Athès, p. 295Google Scholar. To be sure, the specimen of the British Museum, reproduced on our plate, shews the chiton girt, deviating in this detail from Beulé's engraving.

^{page 311 note 6} Glyptothek, no. 113.

^{page 311 note 7} Plin. xxxvi. 23. On the relief in Schoene, griech. Reliefs, pl. 26, 109, Agathe Tyche is a veiled female of matronly appearance.

^{page 311 note 8} Clarac, iii. 420 B, 719 Heydemann, B., arch. Zeit. 1865, p. 152^*, no. 13Google Scholar. Wieseler, , Philologus, xxvii, p. 221.Google Scholar

^{page 311 note 9} No. 221 (Hettner). Clarac, iii. 438 C, 757 A.

^{page 313 note 1} Michaelis, , Anc. Marbles, p. 731, no. 99Google Scholar. Woburn Abbey Marbles, pl. 14. Millingen, in Archaeologia, xix. p. 70Google Scholar. Jahn, O. in Berichte d. Sächs. Ges. 1855, p. 28–110.Google Scholar

^{page 313 note 2} The owner, passing from Mayence to Brussels, showed it to Jahn in Bonn, where I had an opportunity of examining and slightly sketching it; Comp., arch. Zeitung, 1874, p. 69Google Scholar. The very thin lamina has a diameter of 0·03 m., and is provided with a short chain, evidently on account of its serving as an apotropaion. The representation is encircled with a row of beads.

^{page 314 note 1} Meier, P. J., de gladiatura Romana, Bonn 1881, p. 19.Google Scholar

^{page 314 note 2} Comp. p. 96.

^{page 314 note 3} Jahn, pl. 4, 1 (Berlin). A nearly identical lamp is in the British Museum.

^{page 314 note 4} Jahn, p. 98.

^{page 314 note 5} Jahn, p. 36. Stephani, , C.R. 1865, p. 84Google Scholar; 1869, p. 130; 1880, p. 98.

^{page 314 note 6} Jahn, p. 99; 106. Dilthey, Archaeol.-epigr. Mitth. aus Oestcrreich, 1878, p. 53.Google Scholar

^{page 314 note 7} Jahn, p. 36.

^{page 314 note 8} Woburn Abbey relief. Stephani, , C.R. 1865, p. 107Google Scholar. See below.

^{page 314 note 9} Many birds on similar monuments, Comp. Jahn, p. 96.

^{page 314 note 10} Jahn, p. 58.

^{page 315 note 1} Müller, -Wieseler, , Denkm. ii. 73, 936Google Scholar; Berteli, Comp., antich. di Aquileia, p. 33Google Scholar.—I must not omit to state that some London friends, examining the marble, entertained some doubts about the justice of my supposition. The reader may judge himself from the photograph, and from what I have to observe on the matter.

^{page 315 note 2} Bull. dellľ Inst. 1843, p. 58.

^{page 315 note 3} Not in the catalogue of Huebner, who sent a drawing to O. Jahn.

^{page 315 note 4} Comp. Michaelis, , Anc. Marbles in Gr. Brit. p. 719, vol. xiii. (Disegni di varie antichità, Nettuno), fol. 142, no. 608Google Scholar. For more instances see Jahn, p. 74, note 181; p. 78.

^{page 315 note 5} Maucomble, , hist. dbr. de la ville de Nîmes (or Guide des voy. à Nîmes), ii. pl. 7, 20.Google Scholar

^{page 316 note 1} Bachofen, , Mutterrecht, pl. 9, 3.Google Scholar

^{page 317 note 1} C. I. Lat. iv. 1454. Gell and Gandy, , Pompciana, pl. 38Google Scholar. Cab. secret de Naples, pl. 9, 2. Arditi, il fascino, Naples 1825.

^{page 317 note 2} Epist. i. 13.

^{page 317 note 3} Berlin, see Jahn, pl. 4, 13; p. 90.

^{page 317 note 4} Jahn, p. 46; 101.—I omit intentionally to mention the phallophories frequent as well in ancient Egyptian reliefs, as in the gorgeous processions at the court of the Ptolemies (Athen. v. 33, p. 201 E). As far as I can understand, in all these instances, the phallus ia not used in a prophylactic sense, but as a symbol of generation and fertility.

^{page 317 note 5} Tac. hist. iv. 83. Suet. Vespas. 7.

^{page 317 note 6} Jahn, p. 103. The costume seems to have originated in Egypt; Comp. the Alexandrian coin of Commodus, Zoega, pl. 14, 17.

^{page 317 note 7} Jahn, p. 101. Berlin: Montfaucon, , Ant. expl. ii. pl. 137, 1Google Scholar. Jahn, pl. 4, 2.—Rome, Mus. Kircher.: Bonanni, , Mus. Kircher. cl i. 25, p. 83Google Scholar. Montfaucon, ii. pl. 137, 3—On the foreign, perhaps Egyptian, origin of these votive hands Comp. Dilthey, archaeol.-epigr. Mitth. aus Oesterreich, 1878, p. 59.Google Scholar

^{page 318 note 1} Gori, , inscr. Etr. i. p. lxiv.Google Scholar

^{page 318 note 2} Fabretti, , inscr. ant. p. 468, no. 104. C. I. Gr. 8515.Google Scholar