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A new species of Raphidascaris (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) infecting the fish Gymnogeophagus balzanii (Cichlidae) from the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil and a taxonomic update of the subgenera of Raphidascaris based on molecular phylogeny and morphology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2018

L.S. Malta
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva s/n°, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
F. Paiva
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva s/n°, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
C. Elisei
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Av. Tamandaré 6000, Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
L.E.R. Tavares
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva s/n°, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
F.B. Pereira*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva s/n°, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: F.B. Pereira E-mail: felipebisaggiop@hotmail.com

Abstract

Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) andersoni n. sp. (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) collected in the intestine of the humphead cichlid Gymnogeophagus balzanii (Perugia) from the Pantanal wetlands, State of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) is described and genetically characterized. The new species differs from its congeners mainly by having a conspicuous papilla-like formation slightly anterior to the cloacal aperture. Furthermore, males of R. (S.) lanfrediae and R. (S.) mahnerti have caudal alae, and R. (S.) hypostomi and R. (S.) pimelodi lack lateral alae, whereas in the new species caudal alae are absent and lateral alae present. The remaining congeners, namely, R. (S.) marano and R. (S.) saltaensis differ from Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) andersoni n. sp. mainly because males have three pairs of postcloacal papillae (vs five pairs). In the phylogenetic reconstructions, using three nuclear genetic markers (18S, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 28S rDNA) and one mitochondrial (cox1 mtDNA), the new species was separated from other representatives of Raphidascarididae, and the absence of monophyly in Hysterothylacium and Raphidascaroides was confirmed. Moreover, the subgenera Sprentascaris and Ichthyascaris appeared to be monophyletic. Therefore, even though Raphidascaris (Raphidascaris) was apparently not monophyletic, the subgenera of Raphidascaris should be re-erected as valid genera. The updated diagnoses of Ichthyascaris, Raphidascaris and Sprentascaris are given. The present study represents the first parasitological survey in G. balzanii.

Type
Research Paper
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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