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Structural and Ultrastructural Characteristics of the Spix's Yellow-Toothed Cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831) Tongue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2022

André Neri Tomiate
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
Gabriela Klein Barbosa
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
Gabriela de Souza Reginato
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
Paula Oliveira Camargo
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
Moacir Franco de Oliveira
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Ii-sei Watanabe
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences III (ICB III), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
Adriano Polican Ciena*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Adriano Polican Ciena, E-mail: adriano.ciena@unesp.br
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Abstract

The tongue is a fundamental organ in feeding, vocalization, and grooming. It is characterized by evolutionary adaptations reflected by diet, habitat, and function. Rodents are a very diverse mammalian order and the tongue's morphology varies in size, form, and presence of papillae. This work aimed to describe the morphological and ultrastructural aspects of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831). Tongues of Spix's yellow-toothed cavies were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the tongue was divided into apex, body, and root. There were different types of papillae, such as vallate, foliate, laterally placed fungiform, fungiform, filiform, and robust filiform. The epithelium was organized into layers, including keratinized, granulous, spinous, and basal, below were lamina propria, and musculature, which evolved mucous and serous gland clusters. The tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy was structurally and ultrastructurally similar to other rodents and had papillae with similar morphologies to other Caviidae species. However, the presence of robust filiform papillary lines and laterally placed fungiform papillae showed the main differences from other species. This was the first description of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy.

Type
Micrographia
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Microscopy Society of America

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