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The synthesis of copper/zinc solid solutions of hydroxyl carbonates, sulphates, nitrates, chlorides and bromides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

C. H. Yoder ,
R. W. Schaeffer ,
P. McWilliams ,
A. Rowand ,
X. Liu  and
J. Shambeda
C. H. Yoder*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
R. W. Schaeffer
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Messiah College, Grantham, PA 17055, USA
P. McWilliams
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
A. Rowand
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
X. Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
J. Shambeda
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
*
*E-mail: claude.yoder@fandm.edu
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Abstract

The relative stabilities of the copper/zinc solid solutions of hydroxyl sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, chlorides and bromides were studied by attempting their preparation using a variety of methods. All of the naturally occurring solid solutions except rosasite were obtained as single phases. Rosasite crystallized in a mixture with malachite and calcium carbonate during a room temperature preparation from calcium carbonate, copper nitrate and zinc nitrate. The solid solution with the antlerite stoichiometry [endmember Cu3SO4(OH)4] as well as the nitrates were not produced by the methods employed. All of the natural polymorphs of Cu2(OH)3Cl were obtained and a new method for the preparation of botallackite is reported. Botallackite was found to be stable in solution for over a year, contrary to previous reports. A bromine-bearing analogue of botallackite was prepared. Compounds were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, which was used to determine the unit-cell parameters, and by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The relative instability of solid solutions with certain stoichiometries is discussed in terms of the Jahn-Teller effect and relative solubilities.

Keywords

Cu/Zn ratiossolid solutionhydroxyl carbonates and sulphatessynthesis
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 75 , Issue 5 , October 2011 , pp. 2573 - 2582
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2011

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