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THE ORDINES OF VAT. LAT. 7701 AND THE LITURGICAL CULTURE OF CAROLINGIAN CHIETI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2018

Arthur Westwell
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Abstract

The study of medieval liturgy is well served by a fuller appreciation of the unique richness of individual manuscripts. One example, Vat. Lat. 7701, is a key piece of evidence for uncovering the reception of the Carolingian project to ‘correct’ liturgy in Chieti, Abruzzo. This manuscript is a ‘pontifical’, created for the personal use of a ninth-century bishop of Chieti. Within this book, he described and prescribed his own liturgical duties, those which made up his office as the Carolingians understood it. The peculiarities of the manuscript and some of its unique features are best understood by reference to this imperative. Alongside other products of the Carolingian scriptorium at Chieti, the manuscript reveals that even bishops at the southernmost tip of the Carolingian Empire saw themselves as fully engaged in an Empire-wide programme to amend liturgical practice, which did not aim for uniformity but led to significant creativity. This programme was associated with imperial authority, but led by bishops themselves. Local liturgical variation is undeniable in our manuscript, but the sharing of texts and communication with sees all across the Empire are equally visible components.

Lo studio della liturgia medievale può trarre vantaggio da un più pieno apprezzamento della ricchezza, unica nel suo genere, di manoscritti personali. Un esempio in tal senso è il Vat. Lat. 7701, una fonte chiave per gettare luce sulla ricezione a Chieti (Abruzzo) del progetto carolingio di riforma della liturgia. Il manoscritto è un ‘pontificale’, creato per uso personale di un vescovo di Chieti nel IX sec. All'interno di questo libro, egli descrive e stabilisce i suoi doveri liturgici, quelli che erano competenza della sua carica secondo quanto inteso dai Carolingi. Le peculiarità del manoscritto e alcune delle sue caratteristiche — uniche nel loro genere — si possono capire bene facendo riferimento a questa esigenza. Insieme ad altri prodotti dello scriptorium carolingio di Chieti, il manoscritto rivela come persino i vescovi nelle parti più meridionali dell'impero carolingio percepissero il loro pieno coinvolgimento in un programma di modifica globale della pratica liturgica, che non mirava all'uniformità ma che portava a una significativa creatività. Questo programma era associato con l'autorità imperiale, ma condotto dai vescovi stessi. La variazione liturgica locale è innegabile nel nostro manoscritto, ma la condivisione di testi e la comunicazione con le vedute di tutto l'impero sono componenti ugualmente visibili.

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Papers of the British School at Rome , Volume 86 , October 2018 , pp. 127 - 152
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Copyright © British School at Rome 2018 

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Footnotes

1

I must acknowledge the patience and diligence of those who reviewed earlier versions of this article, who gave incisive and helpful criticism.

References

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