Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wg55d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-19T13:25:19.076Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Potential of ear tags impregnated with acaricides for control of the brown ear tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) infesting cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. S. Young ,
J. J. De Castro ,
Casey Burns  and
D. L. Murphy
A. S. Young
Affiliation:
Protozoology Division, Veterinary Research Department, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Muguga, P.O. Box 32, Kikuyu, Kenya
J. J. De Castro
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Casey Burns
Affiliation:
Overseas Agri Industries Inc., P.O. Box 1135, Canyon, Texas 79015, USA
D. L. Murphy
Affiliation:
International Division, Zoecon Corporation, P.O. Box 340231, Dallas, Texas 75234, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Plastic ear tags impregnated with acaricides (synthetic pyrethroids; fenvalerate, 10% (w/w); fenpropathrin, 10% (w/w); fiuvalinate, 10% (w/w); and permethrin, 8% (w/w)) were evaluated for the control of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus infesting cattle in the laboratory and field in Kenya. These controlled release devices gave excellent control of R. appendiculatus for over 20 weeks on cattle in the laboratory where they were housed mostly indoors. Fluvalinate-impregnated tags gave consistently the most rapid control of ticks, but all of the tags normally prevented feeding of the ticks on the ears of cattle. Under field conditions in the Trans-Mara Division of Kenya, excellent control of R. appendiculatus naturally infested cattle was obtained by fluvalinate-impregnated tags followed by fenpropathrin. Less impressive control was obtained by fenvalerate- and permethrin-impregnated tags, but this control was more effective than immersion of cattle in toxaphene. In contrast to the laboratory experiments, the effect of the tags on R. appendiculatus infestation waned by 58 days after application. The potential of synthetic pyrethroid-impregnated tags for the control of ticks infesting cattle in Africa was demonstrated, but a more prolonged release of the active ingredients at an effective level in the field and, in some cases, a more robust tag design will have to be achieved before tick control with impregnated tags becomes a practical proposition.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 90 , Issue 2 , April 1985 , pp. 391 - 399
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ahrens, E. H. & Cocke, J. (1978). Comparative test with insecticide-impregnated ear tags against the Gulf Coast tick. Journal of Economic Entomology 71, 764–5.Google Scholar
Ahrens, E. H. & Cocke, J. (1979). Season long horn fly control with an insecticide impregnated ear tag. Journal of Economic Entomology 72, 215.Google Scholar
Ahrens, E. H., Gladney, W. J., McWhorter, G. M. & Deer, J. A. (1977). Prevention of screw worm infestation in cattle by controlling Gulf Coast ticks with slow release insecticide devices. Journal of Economic Entomology 70, 581–8.Google Scholar
Bailey, K. P. (1960). Notes on the rearing of Rhipicephalus appen4iculatus and their infection with Theileria parva for experimental transmission. Bulletin of Epizootic Diseases of Africa 8, 33–43.Google Scholar
Barnett, S. F. (1968). Theileriosis. In Infectiou Blood Diseases of Man and Animals (ed. Weinman, D. and Ristic, M.), pp. 269–328. New York and London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Burridoe, M. J. & Kimber, C. D. (1972). The indirect fluorescent antibody test for experimental East Coast Fever (Theileria parva infection of cattle). Evaluation of a cell culture schizont antigen. Research in Veterinary Science 13, 451–5.Google Scholar
Davey, R. B., Aurens, E. H. & Garza, J. (1980). Control of the Southern cattle tick with insecticide-impregnated ear tags. Journal of Economic Entomology 73, 651–3.Google Scholar
Drummond, R. O. & Gladney, W. J. (1978). Acaricide applied to cattle for control of the Lone Star Tick. Southwestern Entomologist 3, 96–105.Google Scholar
Gladney, W. J. (1976). Field trials of insecticides in controlled release devices for the control of the Gulf Coast Tick and prevention of screw worm in cattle. Journal of Economic Entomology 69, 757–60.Google Scholar
Keating, M. I. (1983). Tick control by chemical ixodicides in Kenya: a review 1912 to 1981. Tropical Animal Health and Production 15, 1–6.Google Scholar
Mason, I. L. & Maule, J. P. (1960). The Indigenous Livestock of Eastern and Southern Africa. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Miller, L. H., Pino, J. A. & McKelvey, J. J. Jr. (1977). Immunity to Blood Parasites of Animals and Man. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Moll, G., Lording, A. & Young, A. S. (1984). Epidemiology of Theileriosis in the Trans-Mara Division, Kenya: husbandry and disease background and preliminary investigations on Theileriosis in calves. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2, 801–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tatchell, R. J. (1981). Current methods of tick control with special reference to theileriosis. In Advances in the Control of Theileriosis. (ed. Irvin, A. D., Cunningham, M. P. & Young, A. S.), pp. 148–159. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Walker, J. B. (1974). The Ixodid Ticks of Kenya. Commonwealth institute of Entomology, London.Google Scholar
Williams, R. E., Westby, E. J., Hendrix, K. S. & Lemenaser, R. P. (1981). Use of insecticide-impregnated ear tags for the control of face flies and horn flies on pastured cattle. Journal of Animal Science 53, 1159–65.Google Scholar
Yeoman, G. H. & Walker, J. B. (1967). The Ixodid Ticks of Tanzania. Commonwealth institute of Entomology, London.Google Scholar
Young, A. S., Cunningham, M. P., Dolan, T. T. & Masiga, W. N. (1982). Integrated control of bovine theileriosis in East Africa. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology Suppl. 215.Google Scholar
Young, A. S., Luitch, B. L. & Omwoyo, P. L. (1979). Induction of infective stages of Theileria parva by exposure of host ticks to high temperature. Veterinary Record 105, 53 1–3.Google Scholar