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Defining Secularism in the Particular: Caste and Citizenship in India, 1909–1950

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2014

Shabnum Tejani
Shabnum Tejani*
Affiliation:
SOAS, University of London
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Shabnum Tejani, SOAS, University of London, London, United Kingdom. E-mail: st40@soas.ac.uk
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Abstract

Drawing on recent debates on secularism, this article addresses the methodological problem of writing histories of secularism in context. It considers the experience of India. I argue that a study of the issues from which secularism emerged historically offers a way out of the secularism-religion binary which, in India, has obscured contemporary problems related to democracy. These issues had to do with ensuring the public representation of minorities, both religious and caste, regardless of their relative size or social power. Scholarship on the minority question has begun with the constituent assembly and that on secularism centered on the category of religion. In contrast, this article argues that caste was central to the formulation of Indian secularism and requires a longer historical perspective. It maintains that secularism reified the religious minority and, in so doing, denied both its potential to overcome marginality and the legitimacy of the community in the nation.

Type
Articles
Information
Politics and Religion , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 703 - 729
Copyright
Copyright © Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association 2013 

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