Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-5nwft Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-16T18:26:19.463Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A radical for near-rings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2011

J. F. T. Hartney
Affiliation:
Mathematics Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Synopsis

Throughout this paper the near-ring N is assumed to be zero symmetric and to satisfy the right distributive law. That is, x · 0 = 0 and (x + y)z = xz + yz for all x, y, z ∈ N. In what follows we generalise the notion of s-primitivity first introduced in an earlier paper by the author (1968), where only distributively generated (d.g.) near-rings with identity were considered. We define a Jacobson type radical Js (N) and show that J1(N)⊇Js(N) ⊇ Q(N), where Q(N) is the intersection of all 0-modular left ideals of N (Pilz). In addition we settle some of the problems remaining from Hartney (1968).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1Baer, Reinhold. Radical ideals. Amer. J. Math. 65 (1943), 537568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Betsch, Gerhard. Struktursatze für Fastringe (Inaugural Disertation, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tubingen).Google Scholar
3Blackett, D. W.. Simple and Semi-simple near-rings. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (1953), 772785.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Hall, J. D.. M. Phil, thesis, University of Nottingham (1973).Google Scholar
5Hartney, J. F. T.. On the radical theory of a distributively generated near-ring. Math. Scand. 23 (1968), 214220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Hartney, J. F. T.. Ph.D. thesis, University of Nottingham (1979).Google Scholar
7Laxton, R. R.. A radical and its theory for distributively generated near-rings. J. London. Math. Soc. 38 (1963), 4049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Laxton, R. R.. Prime ideas and the ideal radical of a distributively generated near-ring. Math. Z. 83 (1964), 817.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Laxton, R. R.. Note on the radical of a near-ring. J. London Math. Soc. 6 (1972), 1214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Laxton, R. R. and Machin, A. W.. On the decomposition of near-rings. Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 38 (1972), 221230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Machin, A. W.. Ph.D. thesis, University of Nottingham (1971).Google Scholar
12Neumann, Hanna. On varieties of groups and their associated near-rings. Math. Z. 65 (1956), 3669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Pilz, Günter. Near-rings. North Holland Math. Studies 23 (1977).Google Scholar
14Ramakotaiah, D.. Radicals for near-rings. Math. Z. 97 (1967), 4556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar