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Individual differences in rumination in healthy and depressive samples: association with brain structure, functional connectivity and depression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2015

K. Wang ,
D. Wei ,
J. Yang ,
P. Xie ,
X. Hao  and
J. Qiu
K. Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
D. Wei
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
J. Yang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
P. Xie
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
X. Hao
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
J. Qiu*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr J. Qiu, Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. (Email: qiuj318@swu.edu.cn)
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Abstract

Background.

Rumination is an important cognitive risk factor for onset and relapse of depression. However, no studies have employed a dimensional approach in investigating the neural correlates of rumination and the relationship with depression.

Method.

Non-clinical healthy subjects (n = 306), who completed the classical rumination and depression scales, were studied using voxel-based morphometry and regional homogeneity (ReHo). Subsequently, mediation analysis was conducted to examine the influence of rumination on the relationship between brain structure and depression. Moreover, depressive patients (n = 60) and a control group (n = 63) of comparable age and education were studied with regions of interest that were identified in the healthy individuals.

Results.

For healthy individuals, regional grey-matter volume (rGMV) of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) were positively correlated with rumination. In addition, rumination had a mediating effect on the relationship between the DLPFC and PHG and depression. Moreover, ReHo analysis showed that rumination had a significantly negative correlation with functional homogeneity of DLPFC. However, compared to the control group, depressed patients showed significant decrease of rGMV in the DLPFC and PHG and there was a significant negative correlation between DLPFC volume and depressive rumination.

Conclusions.

Increased DLPFC volume (decreased ReHo) in healthy individuals while decreased in depression indicated the trend of DLPFC from inefficient inhibition (‘overload state’) to impaired regulatory mechanism (‘paralysis state’). This finding might elucidate when and why healthy individuals would develop sustained negative mood and depression eventually.

Keywords

Depressiondorsolateral prefrontal cortexgray matter volumemediationrumination
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 45 , Issue 14 , October 2015 , pp. 2999 - 3008
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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