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Neural connectivity biotypes: associations with internalizing problems throughout adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2020

Rajpreet Chahal Open the ORCID record for Rajpreet Chahal [Opens in a new window] ,
David G. Weissman Open the ORCID record for David G. Weissman [Opens in a new window] ,
Michael N. Hallquist Open the ORCID record for Michael N. Hallquist [Opens in a new window] ,
Richard W. Robins Open the ORCID record for Richard W. Robins [Opens in a new window] ,
Paul D. Hastings Open the ORCID record for Paul D. Hastings [Opens in a new window]  and
Amanda E. Guyer Open the ORCID record for Amanda E. Guyer [Opens in a new window]
Rajpreet Chahal*
Affiliation:
Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA95618, USA Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA95616, USA
David G. Weissman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA02138, USA
Michael N. Hallquist
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, 309 Moore Building, University Park, PA16802, USA
Richard W. Robins
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA95618, USA
Paul D. Hastings
Affiliation:
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA95616, USA Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA95618, USA
Amanda E. Guyer*
Affiliation:
Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA95618, USA Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA95616, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Rajpreet Chahal, E-mail: rchahal@stanford.edu; Amanda Guyer, E-mail: aeguyer@ucdavis.edu
Author for correspondence: Rajpreet Chahal, E-mail: rchahal@stanford.edu; Amanda Guyer, E-mail: aeguyer@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

Background

Neurophysiological patterns may distinguish which youth are at risk for the well-documented increase in internalizing symptoms during adolescence. Adolescents with internalizing problems exhibit altered resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of brain regions involved in socio-affective processing. Whether connectivity-based biotypes differentiate adolescents’ levels of internalizing problems remains unknown.

Method

Sixty-eight adolescents (37 females) reported on their internalizing problems at ages 14, 16, and 18 years. A resting-state functional neuroimaging scan was collected at age 16. Time-series data of 15 internalizing-relevant brain regions were entered into the Subgroup-Group Iterative Multi-Model Estimation program to identify subgroups based on RSFC maps. Associations between internalizing problems and connectivity-based biotypes were tested with regression analyses.

Results

Two connectivity-based biotypes were found: a Diffusely-connected biotype (N = 46), with long-range fronto-parietal paths, and a Hyper-connected biotype (N = 22), with paths between subcortical and medial frontal areas (e.g. affective and default-mode network regions). Higher levels of past (age 14) internalizing problems predicted a greater likelihood of belonging to the Hyper-connected biotype at age 16. The Hyper-connected biotype showed higher levels of concurrent problems (age 16) and future (age 18) internalizing problems.

Conclusions

Differential patterns of RSFC among socio-affective brain regions were predicted by earlier internalizing problems and predicted future internalizing problems in adolescence. Measuring connectivity-based biotypes in adolescence may offer insight into which youth face an elevated risk for internalizing disorders during this critical developmental period.

Keywords

adolescencebiotypesbrainfunctional connectivityinternalizing
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 51 , Issue 16 , December 2021 , pp. 2835 - 2845
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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