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Sensory gating, neurocognition, social cognition and real-life functioning: a 2-year follow-up of early psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2021

Shen Li Open the ORCID record for Shen Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Shi Yu Chan ,
Amy Higgins  and
Mei-Hua Hall
Shen Li
Affiliation:
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Department of Psychiatry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
Shi Yu Chan
Affiliation:
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Translational Neurosciences, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences 117609, Singapore
Amy Higgins
Affiliation:
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
Mei-Hua Hall*
Affiliation:
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Mei-Hua Hall, E-mail: mhall@mclean.harvard.edu
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Abstract

Background

Diminished sensory gating (SG) is a robust finding in psychotic disorders, but studies of early psychosis (EP) are rare. It is unknown whether SG deficit leads to poor neurocognitive, social, and/or real-world functioning. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationships between SG and these variables.

Methods

Seventy-nine EP patients and 88 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited at baseline. Thirty-three and 20 EP patients completed 12-month and 24-month follow-up, respectively. SG was measured using the auditory dual-click (S1 & S2) paradigm and quantified as P50 ratio (S2/S1) and difference (S1-S2). Cognition, real-life functioning, and symptoms were assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, Global Functioning: Social (GFS) and Role (GFR), Multnomah Community Ability Scale (MCAS), Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, mixed model, correlation and regression analyses were used for group comparisons and relationships among variables controlling for potential confounding variables.

Results

In EP patients, P50 ratio (p < 0.05) and difference (p < 0.001) at 24-month showed significant differences compared with that at baseline. At baseline, P50 indices (ratio, S1-S2 difference, S1) were independently associated with GFR in HCs (all p < 0.05); in EP patients, S2 amplitude was independently associated with GFS (p = 0.037). At 12-month and 24-month, P50 indices (ratio, S1, S2) was independently associated with MCAS (all p < 0.05). S1-S2 difference was a trending predictor of future function (GFS or MCAS).

Conclusions

SG showed progressive reduction in EP patients. P50 indices were related to real-life functioning.

Keywords

Cognitionearly psychosisERPsensory gatingsocial functioning
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 6 , April 2023 , pp. 2540 - 2552
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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