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Strengthening associations between psychotic like experiences and suicidal ideation and behavior across middle childhood and early adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2022

Nicole R. Karcher Open the ORCID record for Nicole R. Karcher [Opens in a new window] ,
Kirstie O'Hare ,
Samantha Y. Jay  and
Rebecca Grattan
Nicole R. Karcher*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Kirstie O'Hare
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Samantha Y. Jay
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, Baltimore County, College Park, MD, USA
Rebecca Grattan
Affiliation:
Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
*
Author for correspondence: Nicole R. Karcher, E-mail: nkarcher@wustl.edu
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Abstract

Background

Understanding risk factors related to suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviors (SB) in youth is important for informing prevention and intervention efforts. While it appears that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are strongly associated with both SI and SB at different points across the lifespan, the longitudinal nature of this relationship in middle childhood and early adolescence is understudied.

Methods

The study used the unique longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study data. Mixed effects linear models examined associations between PLEs and SI and SB over time using three time points of data from ages 9–13.

Results

First, analyses indicated that endorsement of SI and SB increased as youth grew older for those with increased distressing PLEs. Analyses found evidence of bidirectional relationships between PLEs with SI and SB, with evidence that PLEs at baseline were associated with worsening SI and SB over time, including a transition from SI to SB (β = 0.032, FDRp = 0.002). Exploratory analyses showed consistent evidence for strengthened associations over time for higher delusional ideation with both SI and SB (βs > 0.04, FDRps < 0.001), and for perceptual distortions with SB (βs = 0.046, FDRp < 0.001). When accounting for general psychopathology, for SB, the strengthened associations over time was significantly stronger for PLEs (β = 0.053, FDRp < 0.001) compared to general psychopathology (β = 0.022, FDRp = 0.01).

Conclusions

The present study indicates both SI and SB show strengthened associations with PLEs over time, and that baseline PLEs may predict worsening of suicidality over time. The findings are important clarifications about the nature of the associations between youth-reported PLEs and suicidality over time.

Keywords

Adolescent brain cognitive development studylongitudinalpsychotic-like experiencessuicidal behaviorsuicidal ideation
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 13 , October 2023 , pp. 6002 - 6010
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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