Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-05T16:48:29.252Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Student of Religion as Critic: A Marxist View

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2008

James Thrower
Affiliation:
Senior Lecturer in the History and Phenomenology of Religion, University of Aberdeen

Extract

That the study of religion can be pursued and, as a matter of fact, has been pursued, from a variety of standpoints - some overt and some covert - is today something of an uncomfortable commonplace to those involved in teaching Religionswissenschaft and Religionsgeschichte in Western university departments of Religious Studies. In thus exhibiting a diversity of approach the study of religion is, however, not alone among the humane disciplines: the study of history, of politics, of society, of art and of literature are equally beset by problems of Problematik and of methodology that take up much of the time and much of the energy of their practitioners. The student of each of these disciplines must confront, both at the outset of his studies and continually throughout their pursuit, questions relating to point, purpose and meaning, and in the study of any of the disciplines I have mentioned - of history, literature, art, politics, society and, today, we must add, of science also - there is in the contemporary Western world little, if any, agreement among those involved in the pursuit of learning in these areas either on the Problematik - that is, on the questions to be put to the material that forms the subject matter of the discipline concerned, or about the methods to be employed in describing, understanding, analysing and ultimately synthesising the material of these disciplines into a coherent and meaningful whole.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 310 note 1 Quoted Waardenburg, , Classical Approaches to the Study of Religion, 1 (The Hague, 1973), 86.Google Scholar

page 310 note 2 Ibid. p. 90.

page 310 note 3 Marx, , ‘Introduction to a Critique of Hegel's philosophy of law’, Marx-Engels: Collected Works (hereafter MECW), in (London, 1975), 175.Google Scholar

page 312 note 1 Leavis, F. R., Letters in Criticism, ed. Tacker, John (London, 1974), 89.Google Scholar

page 312 note 2 Walsh, William, F.R. Leavis (London, 1980), pp. 119–20.Google Scholar

page 312 note 3 Eliade, Mircea, A History of Religious Ideas, II (Chicago, 1979), 1.Google Scholar

page 313 note 1 Cf. Farquhar, J. N., The Crown of Hinduism (London, 1913)Google Scholar, and Panikkar, Raymond, The Unknown Christ of Hinduism (London, 1964)Google Scholar; Myth, Faith and Hermeneutics (New York, 1979).Google Scholar

page 313 note 2 Cf. my The Alternative Tradition (The Hague, 1980).Google Scholar

page 314 note 1 Op. cit. (1975), p. 87.Google Scholar

page 314 note 2 MECW, III, 333.Google Scholar

page 315 note 1 MECW, 111, 332.Google Scholar

page 315 note 2 Marx, , The Poverty of Philosophy, MECW, VI, 163–7Google Scholar; Letter to P. V. Annenkov’, Marx-Engels: Selected Works, II, 400–10Google Scholar

page 315 note 3 Marx, , Preface to the second edition of Capital.Google Scholar

page 316 note 1 Marx, , 1844 Manuscripts, MECW, III, 276.Google Scholar

page 316 note 2 Marx, , ‘Introduction to a Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Law’, MECW, III, 179.Google Scholar

page 316 note 3 Karl Marx's Philosophy of Man, p. 77.Google Scholar

page 316 note 4 Marx, , 1844 Manuscripts, MECW, III, 333.Google Scholar

page 317 note 1 Ibid.

page 317 note 2 For criticism of Marx's understanding of Hegel on this point cf. Plamenatz, , op. cit. pp. 92–3.Google Scholar

page 317 note 3 Cf. Marx, , Capital, (penguin ed.), 303–4.Google Scholar

page 318 note 1 MECW, III, 337.Google Scholar

page 319 note 1 So Gregor, James, ‘The Concept of Alienation in the Philosophy of Karl Marx’, in Somerville, and Parsons, (eds.), Dialogues on the Philosophy of Marxism (London, 1974), p. 292Google Scholar, and Gollwitzer, Helmut, The Christian Faith and the Marxist Criticism of Religion (Edinburgh, 1970), p. 74.Google Scholar

page 319 note 2 Marx, , 1844 Manuscripts, MECW, III, 306.Google Scholar

page 319 note 3 Ibid., MECW, III, 296.

page 320 note 1 Mitin, M. B., ‘Man as an Object of Philosophical Investigations’, in Philosophy, Science and Man (Moscow, 1968), pp. 52–3.Google Scholar

page 320 note 2 A theme developed at length by Tucker, Robert in Philosophy and Myth in Karl Marx (Cambridge, 1961).Google Scholar

page 320 note 3 Cf. Birnbaum, Norman, ‘Beyond Marx in the Sociology ofReligion?’, in Clock, and Hammonds, (eds.), Beyond the Classics? Essays in the Scientific Study of Religion, (Harper Torch Books, 1973), pp. 370.Google Scholar

page 321 note 1 Op. cit. p. 5.Google Scholar

page 321 note 2 Ibid.

page 321 note 3 The work of the Paulusgesellschaft, a group of German-speaking theologians and scientists meeting between 1965 and 1967 at Salzburg, Chiemsee and Marianske Lazne (Marienbad) was fundamental to his enterprise. Accounts of recent theological responses to Marxism can be found in Hebblethwaite, Peter, The Christian-Marxist Dialogue and Beyond (London, 1977)Google Scholar and Lockman, Jan, Encountering Marx (Belfast, 1977).Google Scholar

page 322 note 1 Cf. La Barre, Weston, The Ghost Dance; The Origins of Religion (London, 1970)Google Scholar and Beattie, John, Other Cultures (London, 1966).Google Scholar

page 322 note 2 Beattie, , op. cit. p. 227.Google Scholar

page 324 note 1 Cf. Bloch, Ernst, Controversy of the Biblical HeritageGoogle Scholar; Fetscher, I. and Machove, M..ˇ, Marxism and the Jesus AffairGoogle Scholar; and Gardávsky, Vitězslav, God Is Not Yet Dead.Google Scholar

page 325 note 1 As, for instance, was the case with Mahler; cf. Holbrook, David, Gustav Mahler and the Courage to Be (London, 1975).Google Scholar

page 326 note 1 Rodinson, Maxime, Mohammed (London, 1971), pp. xiii–xiv.Google Scholar