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Chloroacetamide Resistance in Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Michael W. M. Burnet ,
Andrew R. Barr  and
Stephen B. Powles
Michael W. M. Burnet
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Prot., Waite Agric. Res. Inst., P.M.B. 1, Glen Osmond 5064, South Australia and Oat Breeder (A.B.), South Australian Dep. Agric, Northfield Res. Laboratories, South Australia, 5085
Andrew R. Barr
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Prot., Waite Agric. Res. Inst., P.M.B. 1, Glen Osmond 5064, South Australia and Oat Breeder (A.B.), South Australian Dep. Agric, Northfield Res. Laboratories, South Australia, 5085
Stephen B. Powles
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Prot., Waite Agric. Res. Inst., P.M.B. 1, Glen Osmond 5064, South Australia and Oat Breeder (A.B.), South Australian Dep. Agric, Northfield Res. Laboratories, South Australia, 5085
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Abstract

Metolachlor has been evaluated both as a herbicide for use in cultivated oats (Avena sativa L.) and for its potential as an alternative herbicide for the control of herbicide-resistant rigid ryegrass. Eight herbicide-resistant and two susceptible biotypes of rigid ryegrass were tested for their susceptibility to metolachlor. Response to metolachlor was determined both in soil and an agar germination medium. The LD50 for metolachlor in agar for a susceptible biotype (VLR1) was 0.13 μM. Five biotypes, SLR5 (6.9 fold), SLR31 (5.2 fold), SLR10 (2.5 fold), NLR12 (2.1 fold) and VLR69 (1.9 fold), were cross-resistant to metolachlor when compared with VLR1. Relative response of the biotypes was similar in both soil and agar, validating the use of an agar germination test to determine the susceptibility of rigid ryegrass biotypes to metolachlor. Biotypes cross-resistant to metolachlor also were cross-resistant to alachlor (SLR5 6.7 fold, SLR31 5.9 fold, SLR10 2.4 fold, and VLR69 1.6 fold with the LD50 for VLR1 being 0.49 μM) and propachlor (SLR57.2 fold, SLR31 7.2 fold, SLR10 3.0 fold and VLR69 2.5 fold with the LD50 for VLR1 being 0.47 μM) indicating that cross-resistance extends to other members of the chloroacetamide group. Cross-resistance to chloroacetamides was observed in biotypes that previously had been reported as cross-resistant to other herbicides. In contrast, biotypes with limited herbicide histories were generally not cross-resistant to metolachlor. These results indicate that there is a high probability of chloroacetamide cross-resistance in populations of herbicide-resistant rigid ryegrass.

Keywords

Alachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl) acetamidemetolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamidepropachlor, 2-chloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-N-phenylacetamideLolium rigidum G. # LOLRIoats, Avena sativa (L.) ‘ Echidna.’Cross-resistancemultiple resistancemetolachloralachlorpropachlorLOLRI
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , June 1994 , pp. 153 - 157
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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