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Four Foliar Pathogenic Fungi for Controlling Seedling Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Mou-Yen Chiang ,
C. G. Van Dyke  and
W. S. Chilton
Mou-Yen Chiang
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., North Carolina State Univ., Box 7612, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612
C. G. Van Dyke
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., North Carolina State Univ., Box 7612, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612
W. S. Chilton
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., North Carolina State Univ., Box 7612, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612
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Abstract

Johnsongrass seedlings were inoculated with conidia of four fungi, Exserohilum turcicum (Et), Colletotrichum graminicola (Cg), Gloeocercospora sorghi (Gs), and/or Bipolaris halepense (Bh). Leaf injury from Et was the most extensive. Johnsongrass was equally or more susceptible to these fungi 7 days after emergence (DAE) than at 14, 21, or 28 DAE. The greatest leaf injury, more than 90%, was induced by Et with 2 × 105 conidia/ml and a 24-h dew period. Sequential inoculation with Et at 15 and 20 DAE resulted in injury to more leaves than a single inoculation 15 DAE. No synergistic or antagonistic effects were observed in combinations of Et with Gs or Cg. Injury was limited to exposed leaves and sheaths, injured seedlings resumed growth and developed new leaves. Development of new leaves from inoculated plants was reduced by 30% or less at 14 days after inoculation (DAI) compared to uninoculated plants. Inoculation with Et or Bh was not as effective as paraquat or sethoxydim, since treatment with both herbicides resulted in seedling death. Seedling kill was not observed in any fungal tests.

Keywords

Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard & Sugg.Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G. W. Wils.Bipolaris halepense Chiang, Leonard & Van DykeGloeocercospora sorghi Bain & EdgertonSorghum halepense (L.) Pers., ♯3SORHAparaquat, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium ionsethoxydim, 2-[1-ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-oneBiological controlmycoherbicidesequential inoculationmixed inoculationExserohilum turcicumColletotrichum graminicolaBipolaris halepenseGloeocercospora sorghiBipolaris sp., SORHA
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 6 , November 1989 , pp. 802 - 809
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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