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Influence of corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John R. Teasdale
John R. Teasdale*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Building 001, Room 323, Beltsville, MD 20705; teasdale@asrr.arsusda.gov
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Abstract

Research was conducted to determine the optimum population and row spacing for corn production and for suppressing velvetleaf growth and seed production. Corn was grown in a factorial arrangement of three populations targeted at 64,000 (1 ×), 96,000 (1.5 ×), or 128,000 (2 ×) plants ha−1 and two row spacings of 38 or 76 cm. Influences on corn were determined in weed-free plots, and influences on velvetleaf were determined for target plants established at 1.5–m intervals along the center of corn interrows. Four velvetleaf plantings were made at weekly intervals beginning at corn planting. Corn row spacing had little influence on corn or velvetleaf. Corn yield exhibited a parabolic response to population with a maximum of approximately 90,000 plants ha−1 in one year, no response to population in another year, and a linear decline with increasing population in a dry year. Velvetleaf seed production was reduced 69 to 94% by the 1.5 × population and 99% by the 2 × population compared to the standard 1 × population when velvetleaf emerged with corn. Velvetleaf seed production was eliminated when velvetleaf emerged at or later than corn leaf stages 3, 5, and 6 for corn populations of 2 ×, 1.5 ×, and 1 ×, respectively. Reduced velvetleaf seed production was correlated with lower positioning of plants in the corn canopy and reduced light availability. Results suggest that higher corn populations could aid integrated weed management strategies by reducing seed production and limiting the build-up of weed populations.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L.velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus ABUTHHarvest indexemergence timeseed productionheightlightABUTH
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 4 , August 1998 , pp. 447 - 453
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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