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Pollen- and Seed-Mediated Gene Flow in Kochia (Kochia scoparia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Hugh J. Beckie ,
Robert E. Blackshaw ,
Linda M. Hall  and
Eric N. Johnson
Hugh J. Beckie*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Saskatoon Research & Development Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2, Canada
Robert E. Blackshaw
Affiliation:
AAFC, Lethbridge Research & Development Centre, P.O. Box 3000, 5403 1st. Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
Linda M. Hall
Affiliation:
Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 410 AgForestry Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
Eric N. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: hugh.beckie@agr.gc.ca
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Abstract

Efficient natural dispersal of herbicide-resistance alleles via seed and pollen can markedly accelerate the incidence of herbicide-resistant weed populations across an agroecoregion. Studies were conducted in western Canada in 2014 and 2015 to investigate pollen- and seed-mediated gene flow in kochia. Pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosate-resistant (GR) to non-GR kochia was quantified in a field trial (hub and spoke design) at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Seed-mediated gene flow of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor-resistant kochia as a function of tumbleweed speed and distance was estimated in cereal stubble fields at Lethbridge, Alberta and Scott, Saskatchewan. Regression analysis indicated that outcrossing from GR to adjacent non-GR kochia ranged from 5.3 to 7.5%, declining exponentially to 0.1 to 0.4% at 96 m distance. However, PMGF was significantly influenced by prevailing wind direction during pollination (maximum of 11 to 17% outcrossing down-wind). Seed dropped by tumbleweeds varied with distance and plant speed, approaching 90% or more (ca. 100,000 seeds or more) at distances of up to 1,000 m and plant speeds of up to 300 cm s–1. This study highlights the efficient proximal (pollen) and distal (seed) gene movement of this important GR weed.

Keywords

Glyphosatekochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad., KCHSCALS-inhibitor resistanceglyphosate resistanceherbicide resistancemultiple resistancepollen flow
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 624 - 633
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: Marie A. Jasieniuk, University of California, Davis.

References

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