Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2pzkn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T23:59:21.255Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Simulation of shoot emergence pattern of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) in the humid tropics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Friday Ekeleme ,
Frank Forcella ,
David W. Archer ,
David Chikoye  and
I. Okezie Akobundu
Friday Ekeleme
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Protection, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
David W. Archer
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN 56267
David Chikoye
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
I. Okezie Akobundu
Affiliation:
3 Liberty Place, Apartment #1, Windsor Mill, MD 21244-2060
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cogongrass is a noxious perennial grass that has invaded many countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Its management has been a significant challenge because of large rhizome and bud reserves in the soil. The emergence pattern of this weed under field conditions has received little attention. Field trials were conducted in 2002 and 2003 in the humid forest zone of southeastern Nigeria to model shoot emergence. The experiment had four treatments: (1) count and tag crop-free cogongrass shoots, (2) count and suppress crop-free cogongrass shoots with paraquat, (3) count and cut crop-free cogongrass shoots, and (4) count and cut cogongrass shoots in cultivated corn. The rationale for these treatments was to determine the effect of different monitoring techniques on shoot emergence of cogongrass. The development of the model was based on hydrothermal time, which was calculated from soil moisture and soil temperature at a 2-cm depth. A Weibull function was fitted to cumulative percent shoot emergence values of Treatment 4 and hydrothermal time. The model closely fit the observed pattern of cogongrass shoot emergence (r2 = 0.95, n = 36). It also predicted shoot emergence satisfactorily in six treatments (r2 > 0.85, P < 0.001, n = 7 in each treatment) that simulated farmers' practices in southwestern Nigeria. This is the first model developed for cogongrass shoot emergence based on hydrothermal time under field observations. The model should facilitate further analyses of cogongrass emergence patterns and the timing of its management.

Keywords

Paraquatcogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. IMPCYcorn (maize), Zea mays L.Hydrothermal timemodelshoot emergencesoil moisturesoil temperaturetropical weed
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 6 , December 2004 , pp. 961 - 967
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Akobundu, I. O. and Ekeleme, F. 2000. Effect of method of Imperata cylindrica management on corn grain yield in the derived savanna of southwestern Nigeria. Weed Res 40:335–341.Google Scholar
Alan, L. R. and Wiese, A. F. 1985. Effects of degree-days on weed emergence. Page 448 in Proceedings of the Southern Weed Science Society, 38th Annual Meeting. Raleigh, NC: SWSS.Google Scholar
Anoka, U. A., Akobundu, I. O., and Okonkwo, S. N. C. 1991. Effect of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud and Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit on growth and development of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel. Agric. Syst 16:1–12.Google Scholar
Anoka, U. A. and Froud-Williams, R. J. 1995. Aspects of Cultural control of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica var. Africana). Pages 169–174 in Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference—Weeds. Farnham, UK: British Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
Ashley, R. A. 1999. Action thresholds for weeds in peppers. Pages 343–344 in Proceedings of New England Vegetable and Berry Growers Conference and Trade Show. Portland, ME: NEVBG.Google Scholar
Avav, T. 2000. Control of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica [L.] Raeuschel) with glyphosate and fluazifop-butlyl for soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production in savanna zone of Nigeria. J. Sci. Food Agric 80:193–196.Google Scholar
Bewick, T. A., Binming, L. K., and Yandell, B. 1988. A degree-day model for predicting the emergence of swamp dodder in cranberry. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 113:839–841.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D. and Ekeleme, F. 2003. Cover crops for cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) management and effects on subsequent corn yield. Weed Sci 51:792–797.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D., Ekeleme, F., and Ambe, J. T. 1999. Survey of distribution and farmer perceptions of speargrass [Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel] in cassava-based systems in West Africa. Int. J. Pest Manag 45:305–312.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D., Ekeleme, F., and Udensi, U. E. 2001. Cogongrass suppression by intercropping cover crops in maize/cassava cropping systems. Weed Sci 49:658–667.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D., Manyong, V. M., Carsky, R. J., Ekeleme, F., Gbehounou, G., and Ahanchede, A. 2002. Response of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) to cover crops integrated with handweeding and chemical control in maize and cassava. Crop Prot 21:145–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chikoye, D., Manyong, V. M., and Ekeleme, F. 2000. Characteristic of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) dominated fields in West Africa: crops, soil properties, farmer's perceptions and management strategies. Crop Prot 19:481–487.Google Scholar
Chikoye, D. S., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1995. Influence of common ragweed (Ambrosia artenissiifolia) time of emergence and density on white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Sci 43:375–380.Google Scholar
Craig, L. R., Shibu, J., Miller, D. L., Cox, J., Portier, K. M., Shilling, D. G., and Merritt, S. 2003. Cogongrass [Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.] response to herbicides and disking on a cutover site and in a mid-rotation pine plantation in southern USA. For. Ecol. Manag 179:195–207.Google Scholar
Dozier, H., Gaffney, J. F., McDonald, S. K., Johnson, E. R. R. L., and Shilling, D. G. 1998. Cogongrass in the United States: history, ecology, impacts and management. Weed Technol 12:737–743.Google Scholar
Flerchinger, G. N. 2000. The Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) Model: User's Manual. Technical Report NWRC 2000-10. Boise, ID: USDA-ARS. 24 p.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1998. Real-time assessment of seed dormancy and seedling growth for weed management. Seed Sci. Res 8:201–209.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. R., Benech-Arnold, L., Sanchez, R., and Ghersa, C. M. 2000. Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Res 67:123–139.Google Scholar
Grundy, A. C. 2003. Predicting weed emergence: a review of approaches and future challenges. Weed Res 43:1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grundy, A. C. and Mead, A. 2000. Modeling weed emergence as a function of meteorological records. Weed Sci 48:594–603.Google Scholar
Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Honolulu, HI: University Press of Hawaii. Pp. 62–71.Google Scholar
Ivens, G. W. 1980. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. West Afr. Agric. Biotrop. Spec. Publ 5:149–156.Google Scholar
Jose, S., Cox, J., Miller, D. L., Shilling, D. G., and Merritt, S. 2002. Alien plant invasions: the story of cogongrass in southeastern forests. J. For 100:41–44.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Horak, M. J., and Vanderlip, R. L. 1997. Relative time of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) emergence is critical in pigweed-sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] competition. Weed Sci 45:502–508.Google Scholar
Koch, W., Grossmann, F., Weber, A., Lutzeyer, H. J., and Akobundu, I. O. 1990. Weeds as components of maize/cassava cropping systems. Pages 283–298 in Standortgemaesse Landwirtschaft in West Africa. Stuttgart, Germany: Universitaet Hohenheim.Google Scholar
MacDicken, K. G., Hairiah, K. L., Otsamo, A., Duguma, B., and Majid, N. M. 1997. Shade based control of Imperata cylindrica: tree fallows and cover crops. Agrofor. Syst 36:131–149.Google Scholar
Miller, J. H. 2000. Refining rates and treatment sequences for cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) control with imazapyr and glyphosate. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc 53:131–132.Google Scholar
Moechnig, M. J., Stoltenberg, D. E., Boerboom, C. M., and Binning, L. K. 2003. Empirical corn yield loss estimation from common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) in mixed communities. Weed Sci 51:386–393.Google Scholar
Mohamad, R. B., Ahmad, M. Z., and Halim, R. A. 1989. Regeneration of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel rhizome fragments of different lengths from various depths in soil. Pertanika 12:137–142.Google Scholar
Oryokot, J. O. E., Hunt, L. A., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1997a. Simulation of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) seedling emergence in different tillage systems. Weed Sci 45:684–690.Google Scholar
Oryokot, J. O. E., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1997b. Effect of tillage and corn on pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) seedling emergence and density. Weed Sci 45:120–126.Google Scholar
Roman, E. S., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 2000. Simulation of Chenopodium album seedling emergence. Weed Sci 48:217–224.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1995. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 956 p.Google Scholar
Satorre, E. H., Ghersa, C. M., and Pataro, A. M. 1985. Prediction of Sorghum halapense (L.) Pers. rhizome sprout emergence in relation to air temperature. Weed Res 25:103–109.Google Scholar
Soedarsan, A. 1980. The effect of alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica [L.] Raeuschel) and control techniques on plantation crops. Biotrop. Spec. Publ 5:71–77.Google Scholar
Terry, P. J., Adjers, G., Akobundu, I. O., Anoka, A. U., Drilling, M. E., Tjitrosemito, S., and Utomo, M. 1997. Herbicides and mechanical control of Imperata cylindrica as a first step in grassland rehabilitation. Agrofor. Syst 36:151–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tominaga, T., Kobayashi, H., and Ueki, K. 1989. Seasonal change in the standing-crop of Imperata cylindrica var. Koenigii in the Kii-Ohshima Island of Japan. Weed Res 34:204–209.Google Scholar
Tripathi, J. S. and Amal, S. 1995. Seasonal temperature effects on the germination of seeds of perennial weeds. Indian J. Ecol 22:59–60.Google Scholar
Udensi, E. A., Akobundu, I. O., Ayeni, A. O., and Chikoye, D. 1999. Management of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) with velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis) and herbicides. Weed Technol 13:201–208.Google Scholar
Versteeg, M. N. and Koudokpon, V. 1990. Mucuna helps control Imperata in southern Benin. West Afr. Farming Syst. Res. Netw. Bull 7:7–8.Google Scholar
Wilcut, J. W., Dute, R. R., Truelove, B., and Davis, D. E. 1988. Factors limiting the distribution of cogongrass, Imperata cylindrica, and torpedograss, Panicum repens . Weed Sci 36:577–582.Google Scholar