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Efficacy of halosulfuron-methyl in the management of Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus): differential responses of plants with and without established rhizomes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2022

Aakansha Chadha Open the ORCID record for Aakansha Chadha [Opens in a new window] ,
Singarayer K. Florentine Open the ORCID record for Singarayer K. Florentine [Opens in a new window] ,
Kunjithapatham Dhileepan Open the ORCID record for Kunjithapatham Dhileepan [Opens in a new window] ,
Christopher Turville Open the ORCID record for Christopher Turville [Opens in a new window]  and
Kim Dowling Open the ORCID record for Kim Dowling [Opens in a new window]
Aakansha Chadha*
Affiliation:
PhD scholar, Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia
Singarayer K. Florentine
Affiliation:
Professor, Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia
Kunjithapatham Dhileepan
Affiliation:
Senior Principal Scientist, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia
Christopher Turville
Affiliation:
Senior Lecturer, School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia
Kim Dowling
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia; and Associate Professor, Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
*
Author for correspondence: Aakansha Chadha, Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, Victoria3350, Australia. Email: aakanshachadha@students.federation.edu.au
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Abstract

Navua sedge is a creeping perennial sedge commonly found in tropical environments and is currently threatening many agroecosystems and ecosystems in Pacific Island countries and northern Queensland, Australia. Pasture and crop productions have been significantly impacted by this weed. The efficacy of halosulfuron-methyl on Navua sedge plants with and without well-established rhizomes was evaluated under glasshouse conditions. Halosulfuron-methyl was applied to plants with established rhizomes at three stages; mowed, pre-flowering, and flowering growth stages, whereas plants without established rhizomes were treated at seedling, pre-flowering and flowering growth stages. At each application time, halosulfuron-methyl was applied at four dose rates of 0, 38, 75, and 150 g ai ha−1. Mortality of 27.5%, 0%, and 5% was recorded in rhizomatous Navua sedge when treated with 75 g ai ha−1 of halosulfuron-methyl at the mowed, pre-flowering stage and flowering stages, respectively. At 10 wk after treatment (WAT), there were no tillers in surviving plants treated at any of the application times. By 16 WAT, the number of tillers increased to 15, 24, and 26 in mowed, pre-flowering, and flowering stages, respectively. Although halosulfuron-methyl is effective in controlling aboveground growth, subsequent emergence of new growth from the rhizome confirms the failure of the herbicide to kill the rhizome. Application of 75 g ai ha−1 of halosulfuron-methyl provided 100% mortality in plants treated at seedling and pre-flowering stages, and 98% mortality when treated at flowering stage in non-rhizomatous plants. A single application of halosulfuron-methyl is highly effective at controlling Navua sedge seedlings but not effective at controlling plants with established rhizomes.

Keywords

Halosulfuron-methylNavua sedgeCyperus aromaticus (Ridley) Mattf. & KukenthChemical controlhalosulfuron-methylKyllinga polyphyllaweed managementrhizome
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , June 2022 , pp. 397 - 402
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Barry Brecke, University of Florida

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