“The trial which is now about to begin is unique in the history of the jurisprudence of the world and it is of supreme importance to millions of people all over the globe.”

The effort of the delegate from Argentina to press the admission of certain states into the United Nations despite the negative vote of one of the five permanent members of the Security Council was denounced by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Poland, Belgium, Pakistan, The Netherlands, and France as being contrary to the provisions of the Charter in the discussion on the adoption of the agenda during the Third Session of the General Assembly. These states held that even discussion of such an item by the Assembly was illegal.

On June 2, 1948, the United States Senate gave its approval to the conclusion by the Executive of two treaties of friendship, commerce and navigation. These were the first two treaties of this type signed by the United States since the cessation of hostilities in the second World War. Each of them had been foreshadowed in earlier treaties. The Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation with China, signed November 4, 1946, ratifications of which were exchanged November 30, 1948, was to carry out the purpose which China and the United States had recorded in Article VII of their Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China and the Regulation of Related Matters, signed at Washington on January 11, 1943. That with Italy, signed February 2, 1948, is the type of instrument apparently envisaged in Article 82 of the Peace Treaty with Italy.

The International Court of Justice, on May 28, 1948, gave an advisory-opinion concerning the conditions of admission of a state to membership in the United Nations. By nine votes to six it held:

The problem of voting in the Security Council was referred to the Interim Committee by the General Assembly in 1947 for study and a report. The Interim Committee’s report was submitted to the General Assembly and considered by its Ad Hoc Political Committee at the first part of the third session (1948) in Paris.