The subfamily Glaphyriinae is briefly discussed. To the six nominal genera placed here by Forbes a further 18 described nominal genera are added, together with the following 13 new genera, 1 new generic name and 32 new species:–Scybalista amazonica, n. sp., Brazil; S. himerta, n. sp., Peru; Aethiophysa, n. g., type-sp. Homophysa lentiflualis Zeller; Aethiophysa consimilis, n. sp., southeastern U. S. A.; Ae. surinamensis, n. sp., Guiana; Ae. acutipennis, n. sp., Brazil; Ae. delicata, n. sp., Florida; Xanthophysa, n. g., type-sp. Botis psychialis Hulst; Abegesta, n. g., type-sp. Orobena reluctalis Hulst; Abegesta concha, n. sp., Arizona; Scybalistodes, n. g., type-sp. Glaphyria periculosalis Dyar; Scybalistodes vermiculalis, n. sp., Arizona; S. regularis, n. sp., Arizona; S. reducta, n. sp., Tres Marias Is.; S. violetalis, n. sp., Chiapas; S. rivuloides, n. sp., Tres Marias Is.; Stegea, n. n., for Egesta Ragonot nec Conrad, type-sp. Homophysa eripalis Grote; Stegea mexicana, n. sp., Mexico; S. clarkei, n. sp., Colombia; S. jamaicensis, n. sp., Jamaica; Paregesta, n. g., type-sp. P. californiensis, n. sp., California; Nephrogramma, n. g., type-sp. Homophysa reniculalis Zeller; Chilomima, n. g., type-sp. Pyrausta clarkei Amsel; Chilozela, n. g., type-sp. Loxostege bifilalis Hampson; Macreupoca, n. g., type-sp. M. penai, n. sp., Chile; M. spectralis, n. sp., Chile; Contortipalpia, n. g., type-sp. C. masculina, n. sp., Brazil; Eupoca definita, n. sp., Brazil; E. micralis, n. sp., Mexico; Vinculopsis epipaschia, n. sp., Peru; Aureopteryx infuscatalis, n. sp., Bolivia; Lipocosmopsis, n. g., type-sp. Lipocosma intermedialis Barnes and McDunnough; Lipocosmodes, n. g., type-sp. Lipocosma fuliginosalis Fernald; Heptalitha, n. g., type-sp. H. boliviensis, n. sp., Bolivia; Dicymolomia micropunctalis, n. sp., California; D. grisea, n. sp., Florida; Lipocosma forsteri, n. sp., Bolivia; L. teutonialis, n. sp., Brazil; L. saralis, n. sp., Bolivia; L. antonialis, n. sp., Bolivia; L. coroicalis, n. sp., Bolivia; L. isola, n. sp., Tres Marias Is. The following additional taxonomic changes are made: Aethiophysa lentiflualis Zeller is separated from the South American Homophysa invisalis Guenée, which is not identified; Abegesta remellalis (Druce) is considered distinct from A. reluctalis (Hulst); Phlyctaenia prusalis Druce is referred to Scybalistodes; Stegea salutalis (Hulst) is separated from S. eripalis (Grote); Eupoca Warren is separated from Scybalista Lederer, and bifascialis (Walker), sanctalis (Schaus), polyorma (Meyrick), and chicalis (Schaus) are referred to it; Symphysa glorialis Schaus is transferred to Aureopteryx Amsel; Ambia argyractalis Schaus, A. enallasialis Dyar, A. enantialis Dyar, A. enareralis Dyar, Aulacodes odulphalis Schaus, Lipocosma punctissimalis Dyar, and L. teliferalis Dyar are transferred to Heptalitha; Ambia metalophota Hampson is transferred to Dicymolomia Zeller; Glaphyria calla Kaye and ausonialis Druce are transferred to Lipocosma Lederer.

Kelthane MF showed a positive temperature coefficient of toxicity to the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus telarius. An increase of about 1.2% mortality occurred for each degree rise in the range from 50-90°F. Pre-treatment of adult, female mites at three different temperatures for three days caused no significant difference in mortality at 74°F. Acaricidal potency of Kelthane MF on peach leaves declined rapidly both indoors and outdoors for the first two days. Thereafter the potency decreased at about the same rate outside, but much slower in the laboratory. Deposits on peach leaves repelled mites strongly for two days, but weakened rapidly over the next six days. Mites entered treated leaf areas after the acaricidal potency had dropped low, and so a larger than expected number of susceptible mites may have survived.

Outbreaks of Thecodiplosis piniresinosae Kearby apparently have occurred in North America since 1932 on Pinus resinosa (Ait.). Serious losses of new needles and some mortality of shoots resulted since 1957 in central Wisconsin. Fall browning caused by the midge is distinguished from needle blight and needle droop.

Three larval stages and the pupa are described. Adults emerged in late May and oviposited on elongating shoots. Eggs hatched within a week and larvae mined into the bases of the fascicles, where they fed until early October. In October, mature larvae left the fascicles, dropped to the litter, and entered the soil to overwinter. Pupation and transformation to the adult occurred in the spring.

One larva usually was present per fascicle during periods of low populations, but during outbreaks up to 11 larvae infested a single fascicle. A monothalmous or polythalmous gall-like enlargement was noticeable during the outbreak. Infested needles formed an abscission layer prematurely and dropped during the winter, 3 to 5 years before normal abscission. Stand conditions, age and spacing conducive to the buildup of midge outbreaks are discussed.

Two improved methods for measuring pine oleoresin exudation pressure have been devised. These methods are modifications of the hydrostatic pressure gauge method introduced by Vité (1961). Method 1 describes a modified apparatus and an improved technique for measuring oleoresin exudation pressure from a 11/2-2 inch hole bored into the sapwood of the tree. This method is similar to Vité’s, except for the addition of a filling port and a filling port reservoir. The filling port was found to be essential for obtaining accurate pressure readings on Pinus taeda L. The reservoir was found to facilitate the filling operation, and it also made feasible the measurement of the filling fluid uptake by the tree during the equilibration period. Method 2 describes an apparatus and a technique for measuring oleoresin exudation pressure at the innerbark-wood interface. Since this interface is where bark beetles attack and rear broods, it seems logical to measure oleoresin exudation pressure at this location on the tree when pest-host interrelations are being studied. A discussion of the uses of the methods is given, and some of their advantages and limitations are reviewed.

A comparison of four sex determination methods shows that microscopic observation of the elytral declivity is the most accurate and rapid method for sexing large quantities of Douglas-fir beetles.

A new species of Dactynotus Rafinesque is described, from curlycup gumweed, Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal.

Sixty nests of Anthophora terminalis Cresson were obtained from sumac stick trap-nests during 1952-1962. The cells were constructed with sawdust chewed from the walls of the hole drilled in the trap. Each cell was 7 mm. wide and 11 mm. long, lined with a salivary secretion, and separated from adjacent cells by partitions. The mean number of cells was 5.8 (range 1-11). A sawdust plug was constructed on top of the last cell, and usually located a few inches from the orifice of the hole. Provisions in the cells normally had a "sour" odor, and in many cells the provisions were spoiled. Adults were reared with difficulty, as the larva did not spin a cocoon. In nests with both sexes, the females invariably preceded the males. A nest found in a dead poplar log was essentially the same as those made in the traps. Floral hosts included Stachys palustris L., Nepeta cataria L. and Epilobium angustifolium L. There was one generation a year in Wisconsin.

The leaf tier or webworm, Cnephasia virgaureana Treit., was first reported in Newfoundland in 1916, but no further records were noted from that area until 1957 when it was found causing severe damage to certain crops. An infestation of this webworm was discovered in Prince Edward Island in 1955, and severe infestations were reported in areas of Bavaria and Boden, Germany, in 1954. It was assumed that importations of the pest must have been made into Canada about 1954 or 1955. The life history of the pest is discussed and the parasites found during the period of study are listed.

The flight of the ambrosia beetles, Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.), Gnathotrichus sulcatus Lec. and G. retusus Lec., revealed distinct diurnal and seasonal patterns that were influenced by environmental factors, particularly temperature, wind, and daylight. While Trypodendron flies during the entire day when the temperature is favorable, the Gnathotrichus species exhibit a peak of flight at dusk. The temperature thresholds of emergence and initiation of flight for Trypodendron and the threshold for flight of Gnathotrichus were established.

The substance responsible for mass attraction of Trypodendron, after the initial invasion of a few pioneer beetles, was found to be a species-specific sex pheromone produced by sexually mature females after entering the host. The pheromone has been concentrated from the female borings in the laboratory, and when released in the field it caused the beetles to respond. Both species of Gnathotrichus, on the other hand, responded to the borings produced by female beetles of Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins and to the extract prepared in alcohol. This fact suggests possible use of these substances in control of these ambrosia beetles.

The species of the New World genus Paraolinx Ashmead are reviewed. Paraolinx typica Howard and Paraolinx lineatifrons Ashmead are recognized. Paraolinx nigriventris Girault is equated to P. typica, a new synonymy. Three new species are described, one from Canada, another from the southeastern United States and a third from Trinidad.

The seasonal and geographical distribution of Tabanidae in Manitoba was investigated. Females were trapped in 27 localities in Manitoba by means of a horse-fly trap developed at the University of Manitoba.

The species composition varies in different areas. Wet, swampy, forested areas yield a much greater variety of species than drier farming areas.

The first tabanids appear during the last week of May and by the end of July very few are active. The seasonal distribution of species in some of the trapping sites was plotted. Hybomitra metabola (McD.) and H. nuda (McD.) are the earliest species that occur in large numbers in areas where they are found. In the latter half of June the summer species such as H. lasiophthalma (Macq.), H. frontalis (Wlk.), H. epistates (O.S.), H. typhus (Whitn.), Tabanus similis Macq. and the Chrysops species appear in large numbers.

Aedes sierrensis (Ludlow), the western tree-hole mosquito, is the first species of the pulchritarsis-varipalpus group of the subgenus Ochlerotatus which has been shown to have the masculine genotype modified by thermal pressure applied to developing larvae. A rearing temperature of 30.0 °C. during instars 1-3 and the first half of 4, and 31.0° during the last half of instar 4 will modify the degree of masculinity of the palpi, antennae, oral stylets and testes. Modified males are impotent because the genital section fails to rotate to the copulatory position.