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22 - The Future of Mindfulness and Performance across Disciplines
- from VI - FUTURE DIRECTIONS
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- By Amy L. Baltzell, Boston University, U.S.A., Joshua Summers, Boston, U.S.A.
- Edited by Amy L. Baltzell, Boston University
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- Book:
- Mindfulness and Performance
- Published online:
- 05 January 2016
- Print publication:
- 19 January 2016, pp 515-541
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Summary
Mindfulness, as commonly practiced, refers to a type of awareness that is both tolerant of and interested in the many experiences – both habitual and novel – that make up the human condition. Such awareness allows one to see how past choices influence current and future experiences. In this volume of chapters, we have shared the benefits of mindfulness in the pragmatic, secular realm of performance. With the increasing pressure on performers and the aligned emotional challenges – from significant fears, to harsh self-judgment, to boredom – we believe strengthening our research base and continuing to create clear mindfulness-based pathways supported by solid empirical, evidence-based interventions is essential. In this quest, we must also create nuanced interventions to meet the needs of a range of performers, from the novice to professional – from dancers, singers, athletes, as well as coaches, mindfully oriented clinicians, mindfulness coaches, and sport psychology practitioners – and in such tailored interventions address the many unique demands of performance.
Mindfulness promotes a particular type of presence – a presence that is intentionally aware of and interested in what is occurring moment to moment. Contrary to mainstream assumptions, mindfulness does not necessarily include a quiet, stress-free experience. In fact, mindfulness includes the full spectrum of human experience, from intense fear and anxiety to moments of joy. Mindfulness includes the ability and willingness to engage in the present moment, whether it is fascinating, joyful, or riddled with physical, emotional, or social pain. The high value of being mindful in the performance realm is retaining the ability to focus on task-relevant cues – to concentrate – and to interact mostly wisely moment to moment with one's environment. When performing with mindfulness, one is able to tolerate distractions, such as fear, threat, or boredom such that the given distraction does not derail the performer from being present to opportunities (internal and external) for optimal performance.
A Brief Definition of Mindfulness: Buddhist and Langerian Mindfulness
Attributed to the pioneering work of Jon Kabat-Zinn, the dominant approach to mindfulness in North America within the clinical setting, both medical and psychological, has its roots in Buddhism. Kabat-Zinn defines mindfulness as, “Paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally” (Kabat-Zinn, 1994, p. 4).
Detection of qacA/B in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a Regional Healthcare Network in the Eastern United States
- Patrick McGann, Yoon I. Kwak, Amy Summers, James F. Cummings, Paige E. Waterman, Emil P. Lesho
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 32 / Issue 11 / November 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 1116-1119
- Print publication:
- November 2011
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We describe the clinical, microbiologic, and molecular features of the first series of qacA/B-containing strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from infected US patients. All qac-carrying strains were clonally diverse, and qacA strains exhibited increased tolerance to chlorhexidine as measured by minimum inhibitory concentrations, minimum bactericidal concentrations, and postexposure colony counts.
High Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Afghan Patients at a Deployed US Military Hospital
- Deena E. Sutter, Linda U. Bradshaw, Lucas H. Simkins, Amy M. Summers, Michael Atha, Robert L. Elwood, Janelle L. Robertson, Clinton K. Murray, Glenn W. Wortmann, Duane R. Hospenthal
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 32 / Issue 9 / September 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 854-860
- Print publication:
- September 2011
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Objective.
To investigate potential sources and risks associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in a deployed US military hospital.
Design.Retrospective analysis of factors associated with recovery of MDR bacteria, supplemented by environmental sampling.
Setting.The largest US military hospital in Afghanistan.
Patients.US and Afghan patients with positive bacterial culture results, from September 2007 through August 2008.
Methods.Microbiologic, demographic, and clinical data were analyzed. Potential risk factors included admission diagnosis or mechanism of injury, length of stay, gender, age, and nationality (US or Afghan). Environmental sampling of selected hospital high-touch surfaces and equipment was performed to help elucidate whether environmental MDR bacteria were contributing to nosocomial spread.
Results.A total of 266 patients had 411 bacterial isolates that were identified during the study period, including 211 MDR bacteria (51%). Gram-negative bacteria were common among Afghan patients (241 [76%] of 319), and 70% of these were classified as MDR. This included 58% of bacteria recovered from Afghan patients within 48 hours of hospital admission. The most common gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (53% were MDR), Acinetobacter (90% were MDR), and Klebsiella (63% were MDR). Almost one-half of potential extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers were community acquired. Of 100 environmental swab samples, 18 yielded MDR bacteria, including 10 that were Acinetobacter, but no potential ESBL-producing bacteria.
Conclusions.Gram-negative bacteria from Afghan patients had high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Patients experiencing Complex trauma and prolonged hospital stays likely contribute to the presence of MDR bacteria in this facility. However, many of these patients had community-acquired cases, which implies high rates of colonization prior to hospital admission.
Contributors
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- By Aakash Agarwala, Linda S. Aglio, Rae M. Allain, Paul D. Allen, Houman Amirfarzan, Yasodananda Kumar Areti, Amit Asopa, Edwin G. Avery, Patricia R. Bachiller, Angela M. Bader, Rana Badr, Sibinka Bajic, David J. Baker, Sheila R. Barnett, Rena Beckerly, Lorenzo Berra, Walter Bethune, Sascha S. Beutler, Tarun Bhalla, Edward A. Bittner, Jonathan D. Bloom, Alina V. Bodas, Lina M. Bolanos-Diaz, Ruma R. Bose, Jan Boublik, John P. Broadnax, Jason C. Brookman, Meredith R. Brooks, Roland Brusseau, Ethan O. Bryson, Linda A. Bulich, Kenji Butterfield, William R. Camann, Denise M. Chan, Theresa S. Chang, Jonathan E. Charnin, Mark Chrostowski, Fred Cobey, Adam B. Collins, Mercedes A. Concepcion, Christopher W. Connor, Bronwyn Cooper, Jeffrey B. Cooper, Martha Cordoba-Amorocho, Stephen B. Corn, Darin J. Correll, Gregory J. Crosby, Lisa J. Crossley, Deborah J. Culley, Tomas Cvrk, Michael N. D'Ambra, Michael Decker, Daniel F. Dedrick, Mark Dershwitz, Francis X. Dillon, Pradeep Dinakar, Alimorad G. Djalali, D. John Doyle, Lambertus Drop, Ian F. Dunn, Theodore E. Dushane, Sunil Eappen, Thomas Edrich, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Jason M. Erlich, Lucinda L. Everett, Elliott S. Farber, Khaldoun Faris, Eddy M. Feliz, Massimo Ferrigno, Richard S. Field, Michael G. Fitzsimons, Hugh L. Flanagan Jr., Vladimir Formanek, Amanda A. Fox, John A. Fox, Gyorgy Frendl, Tanja S. Frey, Samuel M. Galvagno Jr., Edward R. Garcia, Jonathan D. Gates, Cosmin Gauran, Brian J. Gelfand, Simon Gelman, Alexander C. Gerhart, Peter Gerner, Omid Ghalambor, Christopher J. Gilligan, Christian D. Gonzalez, Noah E. Gordon, William B. Gormley, Thomas J. Graetz, Wendy L. Gross, Amit Gupta, James P. Hardy, Seetharaman Hariharan, Miriam Harnett, Philip M. Hartigan, Joaquim M. Havens, Bishr Haydar, Stephen O. Heard, James L. Helstrom, David L. Hepner, McCallum R. Hoyt, Robert N. Jamison, Karinne Jervis, Stephanie B. Jones, Swaminathan Karthik, Richard M. Kaufman, Shubjeet Kaur, Lee A. Kearse Jr., John C. Keel, Scott D. Kelley, Albert H. Kim, Amy L. Kim, Grace Y. Kim, Robert J. Klickovich, Robert M. Knapp, Bhavani S. Kodali, Rahul Koka, Alina Lazar, Laura H. Leduc, Stanley Leeson, Lisa R. Leffert, Scott A. LeGrand, Patricio Leyton, J. Lance Lichtor, John Lin, Alvaro A. Macias, Karan Madan, Sohail K. Mahboobi, Devi Mahendran, Christine Mai, Sayeed Malek, S. Rao Mallampati, Thomas J. Mancuso, Ramon Martin, Matthew C. Martinez, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, Kai Matthes, Tommaso Mauri, Mary Ellen McCann, Shannon S. McKenna, Dennis J. McNicholl, Abdel-Kader Mehio, Thor C. Milland, Tonya L. K. Miller, John D. Mitchell, K. Annette Mizuguchi, Naila Moghul, David R. Moss, Ross J. Musumeci, Naveen Nathan, Ju-Mei Ng, Liem C. Nguyen, Ervant Nishanian, Martina Nowak, Ala Nozari, Michael Nurok, Arti Ori, Rafael A. Ortega, Amy J. Ortman, David Oxman, Arvind Palanisamy, Carlo Pancaro, Lisbeth Lopez Pappas, Benjamin Parish, Samuel Park, Deborah S. Pederson, Beverly K. Philip, James H. Philip, Silvia Pivi, Stephen D. Pratt, Douglas E. Raines, Stephen L. Ratcliff, James P. Rathmell, J. Taylor Reed, Elizabeth M. Rickerson, Selwyn O. Rogers Jr., Thomas M. Romanelli, William H. Rosenblatt, Carl E. Rosow, Edgar L. Ross, J. Victor Ryckman, Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, Warren S. Sandberg, Annette Y. Schure, B. Scott Segal, Navil F. Sethna, Swapneel K. Shah, Shaheen F. Shaikh, Fred E. Shapiro, Torin D. Shear, Prem S. Shekar, Stanton K. Shernan, Naomi Shimizu, Douglas C. Shook, Kamal K. Sikka, Pankaj K. Sikka, David A. Silver, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Emily A. Singer, Ken Solt, Spiro G. Spanakis, Wolfgang Steudel, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans, Michael P. Storey, Gary R. Strichartz, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Wariya Sukhupragarn, John Summers, Shine Sun, Eswar Sundar, Sugantha Sundar, Neelakantan Sunder, Faraz Syed, Usha B. Tedrow, Nelson L. Thaemert, George P. Topulos, Lawrence C. Tsen, Richard D. Urman, Charles A. Vacanti, Francis X. Vacanti, Joshua C. Vacanti, Assia Valovska, Ivan T. Valovski, Mary Ann Vann, Susan Vassallo, Anasuya Vasudevan, Kamen V. Vlassakov, Gian Paolo Volpato, Essi M. Vulli, J. Matthias Walz, Jingping Wang, James F. Watkins, Maxwell Weinmann, Sharon L. Wetherall, Mallory Williams, Sarah H. Wiser, Zhiling Xiong, Warren M. Zapol, Jie Zhou
- Edited by Charles Vacanti, Scott Segal, Pankaj Sikka, Richard Urman
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- Book:
- Essential Clinical Anesthesia
- Published online:
- 05 January 2012
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2011, pp xv-xxviii
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Natural History of Colonization with Gram-Negative Multidrug-Resistant Organisms among Hospitalized Patients
- Amy C. Weintrob, Mollie P. Roediger, Melissa Barber, Amy Summers, Ann M. Fieberg, James Dunn, Venus Seldon, Fluryanne Leach, Xiao-Zhe Huang, Mikeljon P. Nikolich, Glenn W. Wortmann
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 31 / Issue 4 / April 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 330-337
- Print publication:
- April 2010
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Objective.
To determine the anatomic sites and natural history of colonization with gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs).
Design.Prospective, longitudinal cohort study.
Setting.Walter Reed Army Medical Center, a 236-bed tertiary care center in Washington, DC.
Patients.Deployed subjects (ie, inpatients medically evacuated from Iraq or Afghanistan) or nondeployed subjects admitted to the same hospital.
Methods.Consenting patients had 6 anatomic sites cultured every 3 days for 2 weeks and then weekly. Gram-negative organisms resistant to 3 or more classes of antibiotics were considered MDROs. Isolates were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Clinical data, data on antibiotic use, and clinical culture results were collected.
Results.Of 60 deployed subjects, 14 (23%) were colonized with an MDRO at admission, and 13 (22%) had incident colonization during hospitalization. The groin was the most sensitive anatomic site for detecting MDRO colonization, and all but one subject remained colonized for the duration of their hospitalization. Sixty percent of subjects with incident Acinetobacter colonization and 25% of subjects with incident Klebsiella colonization had strains that were related to those isolated from other subjects. Of 60 nondeployed subjects, 5 (8%) were colonized with an MDRO at admission; all had recent healthcare contact, and 1 nondeployed subject had an isolate related to a strain recovered from a deployed subject.
Conclusions.Colonization with gram-negative MDROs is common among patients with war-related trauma admitted to a military hospital and also occurs among nondeployed patients with recent healthcare contact. The groin is the most sensitive anatomic site for active surveillance, and spontaneous decolonization is rare.