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4545 Identifying Symptom Pattern Trajectories among Heart Failure Patients in a Palliative Care Trial: A Work In Progress
- Macy Lynn Stockdill, Christopher Lee, J. Nicholas Dionne-Odom, Bradley Aouizerat, Raegan Durant, Andres Azuero, Marie Bakitas
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 4 / Issue s1 / June 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 July 2020, p. 135
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This work-in-progress aims to: 1) identify and differentiate symptom pattern trajectories in a sample of older adult heart failure (HF) patients over 24 weeks, and 2) examine associations between sociodemographic/clinical/physiological characteristics, dyadic health, and symptom trajectories. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: ENABLE CHF-PC, a palliative care RCT (NCT02505425), was conducted at a Southeastern US medical center. Between 2016-2018, 415 older adult HF patients and 159 family caregivers were randomized to receive a psychoeducational intervention or usual care. Baseline sociodemographic information (age, gender, rurality, etc.) were collected. Outcome variables of interest include symptoms (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative 14, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)) and dyadic health (PROMIS-SF Global Health). We have calculated baseline descriptive statistics. Future work includes latent growth mixture modeling to identify distinct symptom trajectories and univariate associations with patient level factors. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Of 415 patient participants, mean age was 64, 53% were male; 55% were African American; 26% were rural dwellers; 46% had +15.8) and low anxiety (6.7+3.6) and depressive symptoms (5.7+4.3) on the HADS. Of 159 family caregivers participants, the mean age was 57.9, 85.4% were female, 51.9% were African-American, and 65.2% were the patient’s spouse/partner. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Limited data describes HF symptom pattern trajectories.How co-occurring symptoms affect quality of life or are affected by personal or situational factors are not well-understood. This study will help to identify factors and symptom phenotypes that may serve as targets for future interventions.
2078: NGF and TNF-α contribute to oral cancer pain by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines
- Yi Ye, Jihwan Kim, Brian L. Schmidt, Donna G. Albertson, Bradley E. Aouizerat
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 1 / Issue S1 / September 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2018, p. 55
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: We hypothesize that both NGF and TNF-α contribute to oral cancer pain by upregulating pro-nociceptive inflammatory cytokines. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 48 oral cancer patients were evaluated and their pain scores were measured using a validated oral cancer pain questionnaire. Presence of perineural invasion (PNI) was identified from patients’ pathology reports. We utilized The NIH Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Head and Neck Cancer cohort to investigate the association between pain and genes related to NGF, TNF-α, and their receptors (TRKA, P75, TNF-α receptor 1, and TNF-α receptor 2) in oral cancer samples by employing PNI as a surrogate for pain. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and genes were analyzed using logistic regression models. A xenograft cancer pain model was created by inoculating human oral cancer cells (HSC-3) into the mouse hind paw. Mice (n=6 per group) were treated with anti-NGF alone, anti-TNF-α alone, a combination of anti-NGF and anti-TNF-α, or PBS (vehicle control). Nociceptive behaviors were measured using an electronic paw withdrawal assay. Paw volume was measured using a plethysmometer. Cytokines in the paw tissues were measured using a multiplex assay kit with 28 cytokines. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Oral cancer patients with PNI report significantly more pain compared with patients without PNI in our patient cohort (p<0.05). From analysis of TCGA data, we found that PNI is significantly associated with lymphovascular invasion, pathological nodal invasion, and pathological tumor staging (all p<0.05). In adjusted models, we observed that the NGF receptor p75NTR (NGFR) and the TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFRSF1A) were associated with PNI (both p<0.05) and significantly correlated to each other (r=0.25, p<0.001). High levels of TNF-α were present in HSC-3 cell lines and the mouse xenograft cancers. In mice with cancer pain, combined treatment with anti-NGF and anti-TNF-α together provided more effective pain control compared with either anti-NGF or anti-TNF-α treatment alone (p<0.05). We found significantly increased levels of MIP3a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-28b, IL-23, IL17a, IL-31, and IL-33 in cancer mice compared with normal mice (all p<0.05). The combination therapy significantly reduced cytokines MIP3a, IL-1b, IL-4, IL-28b, IL-31, and IL-33 (all p<0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We show that targeting both NGF and TNF-α provides more effective pain relief in an oral cancer model. These results suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at both pathways could yield improved pain management for oral cancer patients.
A review of the literature on multiple symptoms, their predictors, and associated outcomes in patients with advanced cancer
- Stephanie Gilbertson-White, Bradley E. Aouizerat, Thierry Jahan, Christine Miaskowski
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- Journal:
- Palliative & Supportive Care / Volume 9 / Issue 1 / March 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 February 2011, pp. 81-102
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Objective:
The findings from several studies suggest that palliative care patients with advanced cancer experience multiple symptoms, and that these symptoms may be related to demographic and clinical factors as well as to patient outcomes. However, no systematic review has summarized the findings from studies that assessed multiple symptoms, predictors, and outcomes in these patients. The purposes of this review, focused on palliative care patients with advanced cancer, are to: 1) describe the relationships among multiple symptoms; 2) describe the predictors of multiple symptoms; and 3) describe the relationships between multiple symptoms and patient outcomes.
Method:Comprehensive literature searches were completed using the following databases: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsychInfo. The key words: cancer or advanced cancer or neoplasm, AND palliative care or terminal care or hospice or end-of-life, AND symptoms or multiple symptoms or symptom clusters were combined.
Results:Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and examined at least one of our purposes. The majority of these studies were descriptive and used one of four common symptom assessment scales. Fifty-six different signs and symptoms were evaluated across various dimensions (i.e., prevalence, severity, distress, frequency, control). Pain, dyspnea, and nausea were the only symptoms measured in all 22 studies. Relationships among concurrent symptoms were examined in nine studies. Relationships among symptoms and predictors (i.e., demographics, cancer type, healthcare delivery environment) were examined in seven studies. Relationships among symptoms and outcomes (i.e., functional status, psychological status, quality-of-life, survival time) were examined in 14 studies. Significant methodological variation was found among these studies.
Significance of results:It is difficult to draw conclusions about the relationships among multiple symptoms, predictors, and outcomes due to the heterogeneity of these studies. Future research is needed to determine which symptoms and symptom dimensions to assess in order to better understand how multiple symptoms relate to each other as well to as predictors and outcomes in palliative care patients with advanced cancer.