4 results
Surveying factors that influence healthcare personnel in the transition to reusable surgical gowns
- Charlotte Harding, Ingrid Moons, Regan Watts, Gunter De Win, Els Du Bois
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Design Society / Volume 4 / May 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 May 2024, pp. 1587-1596
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This study surveyed 190 healthcare professionals to examine attitudes towards reusable surgical gowns, aiming to reduce medical waste. Comfort (scoring 5.32 out of 7) and misconceptions about gowns serving as personal protective equipment (87% hold this belief) are crucial influencers. External motivators, trust, emotions, and workload also impact perceptions. The study recommends enhancing reusable gown design for comfort, multifunctionality, and hygiene trust. It calls for communication strategies to normalise reusables in healthcare and urges a transition to sustainable practices.
Mental health, physical impairment and violence among FSWS in North Karnataka, South India: a story of intersecting vulnerabilities
- Alicja Beksinska, Tara S Beattie, Lucy Platt, Parinita Bhattacharjee, Ravi Prakash, Satyanarayana Ramanaik, Kavitha Dibbadahalli, Martine Collumbien, Mitzy Gafos, Calum Davey, Charlotte Watts, Shajy Isac, Rachel Jewkes
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- Journal:
- BJPsych Open / Volume 7 / Issue S1 / June 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 June 2021, pp. S237-S238
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Aims
This study examines the prevalence and associations between recent violence experience, mental health and physical health impairment among Female Sex Workers (FSWs) in north Karnataka, India.
BackgroundMulti-morbidity, in particular the overlap between physical and mental health problems, is an important global health challenge to address. FSWs experience high levels of gender-based violence, which increases the risk of poor mental health, however there is limited information on the prevalence of physical health impairments and how this interacts with mental health and violence.
MethodWe conducted secondary analysis of cross-sectional quantitative survey data collected in 2016 as part of a cluster-RCT with FSWs called Samvedana Plus. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine associations between physical impairment, recent (past 6 months) physical or sexual violence from any perpetrator, and mental health problems measured by PHQ-2 (depression), GAD-2 (anxiety), any common mental health problem (depression or anxiety), self-harm ever and suicidal ideation ever.
Result511 FSWs participated. One fifth had symptoms of depression (21.5%) or anxiety (22.1%), one third (34.1%) reported symptoms of either, 4.5% had ever self-harmed and 5.5% reported suicidal ideation ever. Over half (58.1%) reported recent violence. A quarter (27.6%) reported one or more chronic physical impairments. Mental health problems such as depression were higher among those who reported recent violence (29%) compared to those who reported no recent violence (11%). There was a step-wise increase in the proportion of women with mental health problems as the number of physical impairments increased (e.g. depression 18.1% no impairment; 30.2% one impairment; 31.4% ≥ two impairments). In adjusted analyses, mental health problems were significantly more likely among women who reported recent violence (e.g. depression and violence AOR 2.42 (1.24–4.72) with rates highest among women reporting recent violence and one or more physical impairments (AOR 5.23 (2.49–10.97).
ConclusionOur study suggests multi-morbidity of mental and physical health problems is a concern amongst FSWs and is associated with recent violence experience. Programmes working with FSWs need to be mindful of these intersecting vulnerabilities, inclusive of women with physical health impairments and include treatment for mental health problems as part of core-programming.
Samvedana Plus was funded by UKaid through Department for International Development as part of STRIVE (structural drivers of HIV) led by London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Girls Global Programme led by South African Medical Research Council
5 - Social policy
- Edited by Bjørn Lomborg, Copenhagen Business School
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- Book:
- RethinkHIV
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- 05 November 2012
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- 18 October 2012, pp 238-298
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Summary
The HIV/AIDS epidemic is now in its thirtieth year. Over the past decade remarkable progress in addressing the consequences of HIV has been made, with nearly five million people on anti-retroviral treatment. However, prevention efforts have been less successful: globally there are approximately 7,000 infections daily, with the numbers of newly infected outnumbering those newly being put on treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa continues to bear the brunt of the HIV epidemic, with HIV prevalence rates of up to 26 percent in some countries (UNAIDS 2010a). Despite these challenges, there are also marked successes, with declines in rates of new HIV infections in many regions globally, including in sub-Saharan Africa. These declines are likely to be the result of large-scale HIV prevention efforts, as well as more fundamental changes in sexual behavior that have evolved as communities respond to the realities of the HIV epidemic and the toll that it is taking.
In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV transmission is largely heterosexual, although the role of transmission among men who have sex with men, and among injecting drug users, is also starting to be acknowledged. Established responses to addressing the heterosexual transmission of HIV include behavioral change communication programs, interventions focused on key at-risk populations (such as sex workers and their clients), male circumcision, HIV testing and counseling, condom promotion, and the treatment of sexually transmitted infections. Some of these interventions have been considered in other RethinkHIV papers, and are likely to remain central to a comprehensive HIV response. Although RethinkHIV focuses on sub-Saharan Africa in its entirety, the epidemic varies considerably by setting. In practice the optimal mix of interventions implemented in any setting will vary, and be influenced by the extent to which, at a population level, HIV infection is largely concentrated amongst vulnerable groups such as sex workers, men who have sex with men, or injecting drug users (a concentrated HIV epidemic), or more widely generalized in the population (a generalized HIV epidemic).
9 - Global rhetoric and individual realities: linking violence against women and reproductive health
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- By Susannah H. Mayhew, Research Fellow in the International Division of the Nuffield Institute for Health University of Leeds London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicure, Charlotte Watts, Senior Lecturer in Epidemiology and Health Policy Health Policy Unit of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- Edited by Kelley Lee, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Kent Buse, Yale University, Connecticut, Suzanne Fustukian, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh
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- Book:
- Health Policy in a Globalising World
- Published online:
- 22 September 2009
- Print publication:
- 08 August 2002, pp 159-180
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Summary
Introduction
Violence against women (VAW) and poor reproductive health are two issues that place a substantial burden worldwide on the health of women. Both are global in many ways, cutting across national, socio-economic and cultural boundaries. Both VAW and reproductive health have received substantial attention in the increasingly globalised health and development debates of the last decade. There are important connections between the two issues – VAW has a range of reproductive health consequences, and violence is frequently used to control women's sexuality and/or fertility. There have also been a number of similarities in the advocacy processes that resulted in the international recognition of both issues (including the co-ordination between and networking of national and international women's groups). There are also many potential linkages in the delivery of interventions to address both issues (most importantly, the empowerment of women)
This chapter starts by presenting evidence on the global burden of sexual and domestic violence against women, and its relationship to reproductive health. We then chart the evolution of both issues within the United Nations (UN) human rights, health and development agendas. We illustrate how the diversification of actors, the end of the cold war, and the strengthening of networks and linkages between different national and regional women's groups facilitated the development of a strong global women's advocacy movement that was able to influence the global agenda. The opportunities and potential difficulties associated with translating the resulting global rhetoric into an operational reality at the national level are discussed.