2 results
Efficacy of meaning-centered group psychotherapy in Chinese patients with cancer: A randomized controlled trial
- Shuman Wang, Yu Zhu, Ziying Wang, Mimi Zheng, Xiaoru Li, Yu Zhang, Hongwei Wan
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- Journal:
- Palliative & Supportive Care / Volume 21 / Issue 5 / October 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 August 2023, pp. 773-781
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- Article
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Objectives
Meaninglessness is one of the most common psychological problems in cancer patients, which can lead to anxiety, depression and psychological distress, and diminished quality of life. Recent evidence indicates that meaning-centered group psychotherapy (MCGP) effectively enhances the meaning in life among cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of MCGP on the meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, psychological distress, and fear of recurrence among Chinese cancer patients with a favorable prognosis.
MethodsSixty-six cancer patients were randomly assigned to either the MCGP group (n = 33) or the control group (n = 33). Participants in the MCGP group underwent a 4-week, 8-session MCGP, while those in the control group received usual care. Meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, psychological distress, and fear of recurrence were assessed at both baseline and postintervention to evaluate the impact of the intervention. The intervention outcomes were analyzed using paired t-tests or analysis of covariance, as appropriate.
ResultsPatients in the MCGP group demonstrated significant improvements in meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, and fear of recurrence from baseline to postintervention. In comparison to the control group, the MCGP group displayed positive effects on meaning in life and post-traumatic growth following the intervention. However, no significant effects were observed in terms of psychological distress and fear of recurrence.
Significance of resultsOur research offers evidence supporting the effectiveness of MCGP in enhancing meaning in life and post-traumatic growth among Chinese cancer patients with a favorable prognosis.
4 - RNA-based immunity in insects
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- By Rui Lu, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA, Hongwei Li, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA, Wan-Xiang Li, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA, Shou-Wei Ding, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Edited by S. H. Gillespie, University College London, G. L. Smith, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, A. Osbourn
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- Book:
- Microbe-vector Interactions in Vector-borne Diseases
- Published online:
- 06 July 2010
- Print publication:
- 06 May 2004, pp 63-74
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- Chapter
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Summary
INTRODUCTION
Drosophila has been an excellent model for the mechanistic studies of innate immunity (Hoffmann, 2003). Recently, a new RNA-based antiviral immunity with features of both innate and adaptive immunities has been described in Drosophila and Anopheles cells (Li et al., 2002, 2004). This RNA-silencing-mediated immunity is characterized by the production of pathogen-derived, 22-nt small RNAs that serve as specificity determinants inside a multi-subunit complex. Similar to innate immunity, however, the new invertebrate antiviral response is capable of a rapid virus clearance in the absence of a virus-encoded suppressor of RNA silencing. The discovery of a new antiviral pathway in insects opens up the possibility of using this pathway to prevent transmission of vector-borne virus pathogens such as dengue and West Nile viruses.
THE RNA-SILENCING PATHWAY
Homology-dependent gene silencing was discovered in transgenic plants in a form of co-suppression between introduced transgenes or between a transgene and its homologous endogenous gene (Matzke et al., 1989; Napoli et al., 1990; Van der Krol et al., 1990). Similar gene-silencing phenomena have subsequently been described in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms such as fungi, worms, flies and mammals (Denli & Hannon, 2003; Fire et al., 1998). A generic term, RNA silencing (Ding, 2000), has been used to describe these related RNA-guided gene regulatory mechanisms variously termed post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants, quelling in fungi and RNA interference (RNAi) in animals.
A core feature of RNA silencing detected in all organisms is the production of 21–26-nt small RNAs from structured or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) by the endoribonuclease Dicer (Bernstein et al., 2001; Hamilton et al., 2002; Hamilton & Baulcombe, 1999; Hammond et al., 2000; Zamore et al., 2000).