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Contributors
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- By Ghazi Al-Rawas, Vazken Andréassian, Tianqi Ao, Stacey A. Archfield, Berit Arheimer, András Bárdossy, Trent Biggs, Günter Blöschl, Theresa Blume, Marco Borga, Helge Bormann, Gianluca Botter, Tom Brown, Donald H. Burn, Sean K. Carey, Attilio Castellarin, Francis Chiew, François Colin, Paulin Coulibaly, Armand Crabit, Barry Croke, Siegfried Demuth, Qingyun Duan, Giuliano Di Baldassarre, Thomas Dunne, Ying Fan, Xing Fang, Boris Gartsman, Alexander Gelfan, Mikhail Georgievski, Nick van de Giesen, David C. Goodrich, Hoshin V. Gupta, Khaled Haddad, David M. Hannah, H. A. P. Hapuarachchi, Hege Hisdal, Kamila Hlavčová, Markus Hrachowitz, Denis A. Hughes, Günter Humer, Ruud Hurkmans, Vito Iacobellis, Elena Ilyichyova, Hiroshi Ishidaira, Graham Jewitt, Shaofeng Jia, Jeffrey R. Kennedy, Anthony S. Kiem, Robert Kirnbauer, Thomas R. Kjeldsen, Jürgen Komma, Leonid M. Korytny, Charles N. Kroll, George Kuczera, Gregor Laaha, Henny A. J. van Lanen, Hjalmar Laudon, Jens Liebe, Shijun Lin, Göran Lindström, Suxia Liu, Jun Magome, Danny G. Marks, Dominic Mazvimavi, Jeffrey J. McDonnell, Brian L. McGlynn, Kevin J. McGuire, Neil McIntyre, Thomas A. McMahon, Ralf Merz, Robert A. Metcalfe, Alberto Montanari, David Morris, Roger Moussa, Lakshman Nandagiri, Thomas Nester, Taha B. M. J. Ouarda, Ludovic Oudin, Juraj Parajka, Charles S. Pearson, Murray C. Peel, Charles Perrin, John W. Pomeroy, David A. Post, Ataur Rahman, Liliang Ren, Magdalena Rogger, Dan Rosbjerg, José Luis Salinas, Jos Samuel, Eric Sauquet, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Takahiro Sayama, John C. Schaake, Kevin Shook, Murugesu Sivapalan, Jon Olav Skøien, Chris Soulsby, Christopher Spence, R. ‘Sri’ Srikanthan, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Jan Szolgay, Yasuto Tachikawa, Kuniyoshi Takeuchi, Lena M. Tallaksen, Dörthe Tetzlaff, Sally E. Thompson, Elena Toth, Peter A. Troch, Remko Uijlenhoet, Carl L. Unkrich, Alberto Viglione, Neil R. Viney, Richard M. Vogel, Thorsten Wagener, M. Todd Walter, Guoqiang Wang, Markus Weiler, Rolf Weingartner, Erwin Weinmann, Hessel Winsemius, Ross A. Woods, Dawen Yang, Chihiro Yoshimura, Andy Young, Gordon Young, Erwin Zehe, Yongqiang Zhang, Maichun C. Zhou
- Edited by Günter Blöschl, Technische Universität Wien, Austria, Murugesu Sivapalan, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Thorsten Wagener, University of Bristol, Alberto Viglione, Technische Universität Wien, Austria, Hubert Savenije, Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands
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- Book:
- Runoff Prediction in Ungauged Basins
- Published online:
- 05 April 2013
- Print publication:
- 18 April 2013, pp ix-xiv
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8 - Prediction of low flows in ungauged basins
- Edited by Günter Blöschl, Technische Universität Wien, Austria, Murugesu Sivapalan, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Thorsten Wagener, University of Bristol, Alberto Viglione, Technische Universität Wien, Austria, Hubert Savenije, Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands
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- Book:
- Runoff Prediction in Ungauged Basins
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- 05 April 2013
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- 18 April 2013, pp 163-188
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Some Progress in Classical Canonical Gravity
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- By J. M. Nester
- Edited by B. L. Hu, University of Maryland, College Park, M. P. Ryan, Jr, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. V. Vishveshwara, Indian Institute of Astrophysics, India
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- Book:
- Directions in General Relativity
- Published online:
- 03 February 2010
- Print publication:
- 22 July 1993, pp 245-260
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Summary
INTRODUCTION
In China, I have learned, there is a valuable tradition: to appreciate and show great respect for one's teachers. Undoubtedly, the most successful method of teaching is by example. Certainly this was true in my case. Charles W. Misner was a pioneer in applying modern differential geometry (Misner 1964) especially differential forms (Misner and Wheeler 1957) to gravitational theory, in investigating the canonical Hamiltonian formulation of gravity, and in formulating suitable expressions for conserved quantities, in particular mass-energy (Arnowitt, Deser and Misner (ADM) 1962). I have, as this work indicates, at least to some extent, followed my teacher's directions.
The outline of this work is as follows. First, differential form methods are used to obtain a covariant Hamiltonian formulation for any gravitational theory. The Hamiltonian includes a covariant expression for the conserved quantities of an asymptotically flat or constant curvature space. Next the positive total energy test, a promising and appropriate theoretical test for alternate gravitational theories, is described. The final topic concerns application to Einstein gravity of new rotational gauge conditions and their associated special orthonormal frames. These frames provide a good localization of energy and parameterization of solutions.
COVARIANT HAMILTONIAN FORMALISM
There are significant benefits in the canonical Hamiltonian formulation of a theory, in particular the identification of constraints, gauges, degrees of freedom and conserved quantities (Isenberg and Nester 1980), however the usual approach (e.g., in Misner, Thorne and Wheeler (MTW) 1973 and ADM 1962) exacts a heavy price: the loss of manifest 4-covariance. Differential form techniques can be used to largely avoid this cost (Nester 1984).