Contents Map
Grammar Phonology Functions and Specific Skills Topics and Notions
Students learn or revise these grammar points Students work on these aspects of pronunciation Students learn or revise ways of doing these things Students learn to talk about
A
Present and past tenses: terminology, formation and use; non-progressive verbs; infinifives and -ing forms after verbs; -ing forms after prepositions; -ing forms as subjects; verb + object + infinitive; modal auxiliaries; distancing use of past tenses; reported statements and questions. Problems with sound/spelling relationships; perception and pronunciation of unstressed syllables; stress and rhythm; decoding rapid speech;
// and //. 		Requesting and giving personal information; making and replying to requests and offers; making corrections; reporting; asking to be reminded; asking about English; expressing degrees of formality; seeing a text as a whole; skimming; reading and listening for specific information; guessing unknown words; using dictionaries; managing discussion; predicting. Physical appearance; food and drink; weather; animals; wishes, hopes and ambitions; language and language learning; sports, games and leisure; proportion (e.g. three out at twelve); various time relations.

B
Present Perfect for reporting 'news'; can with verbs of sensation; tenses of there is; use of -ing forms for activities; imperatives; comparative structures: worse and worst; question tags; position of prepositions in questions and relative structures; leaving out object relative pronouns; building sentences with conjunctions and -ing forms; adverbials of degree; so do I neither do I etc. Stress and rhythm; // in unstressed syllables; vowel and consonant linking; intonation of question tags;
// and //.		 Giving advice and instructions; giving news; asking for personal information; asking for confirmation and agreement; expressing opinions; indicating shared and divergent opinions; evaluating; agreeing and disagreeing; asking for things without knowing the exact words: defining, describing and identifying; comparing; greeting and welcoming; operating mealtime conventions; leave-taking; reporting; building up and shaping narratives; dividing text into paragraphs; listening for gist and for specific information. Likes and dislikes; news; emergencies; parts of a car; honesty; manipulations of objects and materials; processes; condition; obligation; purpose; method; degree; time relations~ simultaneous and successive events.
C

Simple Past and Past Progressive; Simple Past tenses with as; Present Perfect Progressive; passives; hypothetical if-clauses with Simple Past and would; modal verbs, including will have to; should(n't) and must(n't); won't for refusals; infinitive of purpose; how to ...; imperative; by ...ing; two-word verbs.

 Stress and rhythm; perception and pronunciation of unstressed syllables; stress for emphasis and contrast; weak and strong forms; initial consonant groups; final consonant groups; difficult pronunciation/spelling relationships. Discussing problems and giving advice; giving instructions; dealing with misunderstandings; making and accepting formal and emphatic apologies; expressing opinions; making complaints; studying text structure; constructing narrative; guessing unknown words; using dictionaries; listening and note-taking. Work and time-structuring; electrical appliances; household tips; families; boy- and girlfriends; problems with relationships; politics and authority; rules and regulations; driving and traffic regulations; obligation; purpose; method; processes; changes; various time relations.
D
Present Perfect Simple and Progressive; have to and modal verbs; modal verbs with perfect infinitives; past conditionals; reporting with infinitives; would you rather..?; frequency adverbs; connecting adverbs and conjunctions; prepositions of movement. Stress and rhythm; word stress; perception and pronunciation of unstressed syllables; assimilatLon of consonants and linking; vowel linking with /r/, /j/, and /w/; // and //; // and //; pronunciations of the letter o. Speculating about the past; criticising past behaviour; reporting instructions and advice; asking for and giving directions; asking about and expressing preferences; persuading; discussing illness; extracting the main ideas from a text; reading and listening for detail; guessing meaning from context; writing simple reports; writing personal letters. Places and landscape; buildings and rooms; families; family relationships; games-playing; illness; crime; rules and regulations; obligation; frequency; spatial relations; movement; various time relations; driving.
E
Past Progressive: use and pronunciation; will-future; it'l and there'll; passive infinitives after modal verbs; contractions; reported speech with would and had; position of frequency adverbs; use of noun, verb or adjective to express the same idea; word order: verb, object and adverb; verbs with two objects; punctuation. Stress and rhythm; pronunciation of contractions; /h/; typical pronunciations of vowel letters; weak forms. Making and replying to requests and offers; predicting; reporting: asking for things without knowing the exact words; inviting and replying to invitations; expressing degrees of formality: scanning; listening for detail. Weather; everyday objects; uses of objects; horoscopes; clothes and accessories; parts of the body; wildlife and conservation; the future; simultaneous past actions.
Vocabulary
In addition to revising vocabulary taught at earlier levels, students will learn 900 or more new words and expressions during their work on LevelS of the course.
 
Grammar Revision
 A Grammar Revision Section on pages ii 6-1 29 gives further practice on elementary grammar points which were covered at earlier levels