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Psychology 2007-2008 online catalog
Our psychology list seeks to combine an innovative and cutting edge approach with the highest standards of scholarship, writing and production across the whole range of the discipline. Exciting new projects by leading authorities in the field present the finest and freshest thinking in Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Developmental Psychology, Educational Psychology, Psycholinguistics, Social Psychology and other psychological-related issues.
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What is Intelligence?
Author: James R. Flynn
Professor James Flynn is one of the most creative and influential psychologists in the field of intelligence. The "Flynn Effect" refers to the massive increase in IQ test scores over the course of the twentieth century and the term was coined to recognize Professor Flynn's central role in measuring and analyzing these gains. For over twenty years, psychologists have struggled to understand the implications of IQ gains. Do they mean that each generation is more intelligent than the last? Do they suggest how each of us can enhance our own intelligence? Professor Flynn asks what intelligence really is and gives a surprising and illuminating answer. This book bridges the gulf that separates our minds from those of our ancestors a century ago. It is a fascinating and unique book that makes an important contribution to our understanding of human intelligence.
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Applied Intelligence
Author: Robert J. Sternberg
This work provides an overview of theories of intelligence, but itself is based in large part on a theory according to which individuals need creative skills to generate new ideas and a vision for the future, analytical skills to make sure that the vision is a good one, and practical skills to execute the ideas and to persuade other people of their value. The book considers key skills in problem solving, logical reasoning, analysis of arguments, knowledge acquisition, creative and practical thinking, automatizing information processing, and avoiding life traps that derail even the most intelligent among us.
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The Normal Personality
Author: Steven Reiss
Based on a series of scientific studies, this book advances the original scientific theory of psychological needs, values, and personality traits. Steven Reiss shows how different points on motivational continua produce different personality traits and values. He also explains how knowledge of psychological needs and values can be applied in counseling individuals and couples. The book describes new, powerful methods of assessing and predicting motivated behavior in natural environments including corporations, schools, and relationships.
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Statistics Using SPSS
Author: Sharon Lawner Weinberg
This introductory applied statistics text can be used for a one- or two-semester course at either the undergraduate or graduate level. Central features are its hands-on approach; the use of real data; the wealth of exercises and illustrated examples using these data; the complete set of detailed answers to exercises in an appendix; the presentation of statistical methods with a clear, conceptual emphasis that includes an historical account of each method; and the integration of SPSS in a way that reflects statistical practice. Step-by-step instructions for using SPSS are provided as each new analytic procedure is introduced. A data CD is included with the text so that students may conduct their own statistical analyses and learn first-hand how statistics is used in practice.
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The Others Within Us
Author: Dan Bar-On
Dan Bar-On’s psychosocial approach sees identity as dynamic, constructed in contra-distinction to various “Others.” Drawing parallels to other societies, he looks most closely at identity formation among Israelis, or more precisely, among the largely secular Jews from European lands who formed the hegemonic backbone of Israeli society. The Others in question, Diaspora Jews, Jews from Muslim countries, and Arabs, represent repressed aspects of the collective self. Case studies and analysis depict various stages in identity formation, as do “personal windows” onto the author as he experienced these stages. Monolithic identity construction characterized Israel’s early years but this began to disintegrate with the passing of time, in ways that were often painful and confusing, though necessary in the view of Bar-On and others. A neo-monolithic backlash has been the response to the disintegration stage in recent years. Yet, the book holds out the possibility of a constructive dialogue, internal and among groups in society, that will give rise to a better-integrated and more inclusive identity construction.
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Assessment, Equity, and Opportunity to Learn
Editor: Pamela Moss
Drawing on sociocultural, sociological, psychometric, and legal perspectives, this book provides historical critique, theory and principles, and concrete examples of practice through which learning, teaching, and assessment can be re-envisioned to support fair OTL for all students. It offers educators, researchers, and policy analysts new to sociocultural perspectives a readable and engaging introduction to fresh ideas for conceptualizing, enhancing, and assessing OTL; encourages those who already draw on sociocultural resources to focus attention on OTL and assessment; and nurtures collaboration among members of discourse communities who have rarely engaged one another’s work.
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Therapy After Terror
Author: Karen M. Seeley
Therapy After Terror examines the 2001 World Trade Center attack from the perspectives of New York City mental health professionals who treated the psychologically wounded following the attack. Therapists discuss the attack’s effects on their patients, its personal and professional consequences for them, and the ways it challenged fundamental aspects of clinical theory and practice. The book describes crisis mental health services that were established after the attack, as well as longer-term treatments. It also examines notions of trauma, diagnostic procedures, and the politics of psychological treatment. Utilizing her unique interdisciplinary background, she provides a detailed study of the post-9/11 mental health crisis, including depictions of the restricted “hot spots” such as the Lexington Avenue Armory, Family Assistance Centers, and Respite Centers at Ground Zero, where mental health workers delivered aid.
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From Teams to Knots
Author: Yrjo Engestrom
Teams are commonly celebrated as efficient and humane ways of organizing work and learning. By means of a series of in-depth case studies of teams in the United States and Finland over a time span of more than ten years, this book shows that teams are not a universal and historical form of collaboration. The author develops a set of conceptual tools for analysis and design of transformations in collaborative work and learning.
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Drug Abuse
Author: Steve Sussman
Drug Abuse: Etiology, Prevention, and Cessation serves as a comprehensive source of information on the topography of, causes of, and solutions to drug problems. It covers conceptual issues regarding definitions of drug use, misuse, abuse, and dependence. Importantly, the text addresses a variety of theoretical bases currently applied to the development of prevention and cessation programs, specific program content from evidence-based programs, and program processes and modalities. The book is ideally suited as a primary source for students and professionals in chemical dependence programs, clinical and health psychology, public health, preventive medicine, nursing, sociology, and social work, among other fields, on the nature, causes, prevention, and cessation of the abuse of legal and illegal drugs.
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The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality
Editor: Philip J. Corr
This volume is the first book to summarize the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of personality and bring together leading researchers in the field. It summarizes all of the pre-2000 RST research findings, explains and elaborates the implications of the 2000 theory for personality psychology and lays out the future research agenda for RST.
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Body Consciousness
Author: Richard Shusterman
Contemporary culture increasingly suffers from problems of attention, over-stimulation, and stress, and a variety of personal and social discontents generated by deceptive body images. This book argues that improved body consciousness can relieve these problems and enhance one’s knowledge, performance, and pleasure. The body is our basic medium of perception and action, but focused attention to its feelings and movements has long been criticized as a damaging distraction that also ethically corrupts through self-absorption. In Body Consciousness, Richard Shusterman refutes such charges by engaging the most influential twentieth-century somatic philosophers and incorporating insights from both Western and Asian disciplines of body-mind awareness.
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The Cambridge Handbook of Computational Psychology
Editor: Ron Sun
This book is a definitive reference source for the growing, increasingly more important, and interdisciplinary field of computational cognitive modeling, that is, computational psychology. It combines breadth of coverage with definitive statements by leading scientists in this field. Research in computational cognitive modeling explores the essence of cognition through developing detailed, process-based understanding by specifying computational mechanisms, structures, and processes. Computational models provide both conceptual clarity and precision at the same time. This Handbook substantiates this approach through overviews and many examples.
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Biology and Violence
Author: Deborah W. Denno
This book presents the most comprehensive study to date of the major biological, psychological and environmental predictors of criminal behavior, particularly violence, through a detailed analysis of nearly 1000 low-income black youths from their birth to early adulthood. By examining over 150 variables spanning the lives of these youths, the study concludes that both biological and environmental factors produce strong, and independent, effects on delinquency and adult crime among males and females, who are distinguished from their controls. Case study comparisons between the most violent males and females and their controls show that criminals evidence a higher incidence of lead poisoning, disobedience, head injury, and a history of epileptic seizures among themselves or their immediate family members. Violent females are also more likely to have a family member who was incarcerated. The results do not confirm the findings of previous studies indicating direct relationships between violence and early intelligence, mental retardation, socioeconomic status, or early central nervous system dysfunction. The author concludes that both biological and environmental factors, in interaction, cause crime.
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The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation
Editor: Judy Garber
Featuring contributions from leading researchers in developmental psychopathology, the volume concentrates on recent theories and data concerning the development of emotion regulation with an emphasis on both intrapersonal and interpersonal processes. Original conceptualizations of the reciprocal influences among the various response systems--neurophysiological-biochemical, behavioral-expressive, and subjective-experiential--are provided, and the individual chapters address both normal and psychopathological forms of emotion regulation, particularly depression and aggression, from infancy through adolescence.
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The Everyday Lives of Young Children
Author: Jonathan Tudge
This book is based on lengthy observations of three-year-olds in the United States, Russia, Estonia, Finland, Korea, Kenya, and Brazil. The focus is on how and where children spend their time, and who they are with, at an age when they are learning what it means to be a part of their culture. The book provides unique insight into variations in young children’s lives in different societies and from different social class groups.
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Human Development in the Twenty-First Century
Editor: Alan Fogel
This collection of engaging, non-technical essays, written by dynamic systems scientists in psychology, biology, anthropology, education, and sociology, challenges us to consider novel ways to enhance human development worldwide in the face of poverty, violence, neglect, disease and crises in our families. Focusing specifically on how to think about interventions and policies that will benefit human development from a systems perspective, this book brings current research into the realm of application and policy. The authors use real-life examples to propose changes in clinical, educational and policy-making practices that will be of interest to professionals and practitioners alike.
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Interpersonal Adaptation
Author: Judee K. Burgoon
When people communicate, they often adapt their interaction styles to one another. For example, they may match each other's behavior, synchronize the timing of behavior, or behave in dissimilar ways. This volume analyzes these dyadic interaction patterns and builds a case for a new theory of adaptation: Interaction Adaptation Theory (IAT), which draws on the soundest principles from previous theories while being responsive to current empirical evidence. The book concludes with the offer of new research directions that would test the theory in order to bring the research full circle and connect interaction patterns with outcomes. It will serve as both a reference guide for researchers and a text for students and faculty in communication, psychology, family studies, counseling, and sociolinguistics.
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Persons in Context
Editor: Niall Bolger
This volume brings together essays by a group of distinguished researchers that assess our progress in understanding the processes linking persons and contexts in the course of development.
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Thinking as Communicating
Author: Anna Sfard
This book changes thinking about thinking, convinced that many long-standing, seemingly irresolvable quandaries about human development originate in ambiguities of the existing discourses on thinking. Standing on the shoulders of Vygotsky and Wittgenstein, the author defines thinking as an individualized form of interpersonal communication. The disappearance of the time-honored thinking-communicating dichotomy is epitomized by Sfard’s term, commognition, which combines communication with cognition. The commognitive tenet implies that verbal communication, with its distinctive property of recursive self-reference, may be the primary source of humans’ unique ability to accumulate the complexity of their action from one generation to another. The explanatory power of the commognitive framework and the manner in which it contributes to our understanding of human development is illustrated through commognitive analysis of mathematical discourse accompanied by vignettes from mathematics classrooms.
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The Educated Brain
Editor: Antonio M. Battro
The emerging field of neuroeducation, concerned with the interaction between mind, brain and education, has proved revolutionary in educational research, introducing concepts, methods and technologies into many advanced institutions around the world. The Educated Brain presents a broad overview of the major topics in this new discipline: part I examines the historical and epistemological issues related to the mind/brain problem and the scope of neuroeducation; part II provides a view of basic brain research in education and use of imaging techniques, and the study of brain and cognitive development; and part III is dedicated to the neural foundations of language and reading in different cultures and the acquisition of basic mathematical concepts. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book features the most recent and advanced research in the cognitive neurosciences.
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The Transformation of Learning
Editor: Bert van Oers
This book presents a relatively new approach to learning, based on meaningful human activities in cultural practices and in collaboration with others. It draws extensively from the ideas of Lev Vygotsky and his recent followers. The authors present ideas that elaborate this learning theory and also give recent developments and applications of this approach in a variety of educational situations in and outside of school. A core issue in the research presented in this book consists of the way people learn to make sense of, and give meaning to, cultural instruments and practices in collaboration with others.
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Learning with Animation
Editor: Richard Lowe
The use of animations has recently become common in multimedia teaching and learning. Animations are assumed to increase interest and motivation, direct attention, illustrate procedures, and explain how things work. Recent research shows that animations are not inherently effective. Their educational effectiveness depends on how the characteristics of animations interact with the psychological functioning of the learner. Clarifying and integrating the major themes of current research, this book explores requirements for the principled design of learning resources that incorporate animation. Such materials can only be successful if their design reflects principles governing how learners develop understandings with animations, and the goal of this book is to improve the way educational animations are designed and used within a variety of learning contexts.
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Psychotherapy in Everyday Life
Author: Ole Dreier
Psychotherapy in Everyday Life shows how clients employ therapy in their daily lives. The varied and extensive efforts involved in this are systematically overlooked in therapy research. The book shines important new light on processes of personal change and learning in practice. More generally speaking, it launches a theory of personhood based on how persons conduct their everyday lives in social practice. This approach and many of the book’s findings are of immediate relevance for understanding other fields of expert practice.
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Language Development and Age
Author: Julia Herschensohn
In this book, Herschensohn examines whether early childhood is a critical period for language acquisition after which individuals cannot learn a language as native speakers. She argues that a first language is largely susceptible to age constraints, showing major deficits past the age of twelve. Second language acquisition also shows age effects, but with a range of individual differences.
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Pragmatic Impairment
Author: Michael R. Perkins
Through an extensive analysis of how pragmatics can go wrong, this book not only provides a novel and clinically useful account of pragmatic impairment, but it also throws new light on how pragmatics functions in healthy individuals. Michael Perkins brings mainstream and clinical pragmatics together by showing that not only can our understanding of pragmatics be aided by the study of pragmatic impairment, but that clinical and theoretical pragmatics are better served by treating pragmatic ability and disability within a single framework. His work is the first book on this topic to be aimed primarily at linguists and psycholinguists rather than clinicians, and includes illustrative material on conditions such as autism and aphasia and a wide range of other communication disorders in both children and adults.
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Neurolinguistics
Author: John C. L. Ingram
This textbook introduces the central topics in neurolinguistics: speech recognition, word and sentence structure, meaning, and discourse - in both "normal" speakers and those with language disorders. It moves on to provide a balanced discussion of key areas of debate such as modularity and the "language areas" of the brain, "connectionist" versus "symbolic" modelling of language processing, and the nature of linguistic and mental representations. Making accessible over half a century of scientific and linguistic research, and containing extensive study questions, it will be welcomed by all those interested in the relationship between language and the brain.
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Embodied Grounding
Author: Gun R. Semin
In recent years there has been an increasing awareness that a comprehensive understanding of language, cognitive and affective processes, and social and interpersonal phenomena cannot be achieved without understanding the ways these processes are grounded in bodily states. The term "embodiment" captures the common denominator of these developments, which come from several disciplinary perspectives ranging from neuroscience, cognitive science, social psychology, and affective sciences. For the first time, this volume brings together these varied developments under one umbrella and furnishes a comprehensive overview of this intellectual movement in the cognitive-behavioral sciences.
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Stigmatization, Tolerance and Repair
Author: Anton J. M. Dijker
Society is faced with a variety of undesirable behaviors and conditions such as crime, mental and physical illnesses and disabilities, that usually provoke different responses in people such as emotions of anger, fear or pity. In our evolutionary past, these emotions adaptively motivated the repair of interpersonal relationships, whereas, more recently, they may also result in other types of social control such as stigmatization or tolerance. Dijker and Koomen show, on the basis of elementary psychological processes, how peoples’ responses are not only dependent on type of deviance but also on personality, situation, historical period and culture. They also examine the implications of these responses for the well-being and coping of people with deviant conditions or stigmas. Their book provides conceptual tools for developing interventions to reduce stigmatization and offers a deeper understanding of the psychological basis of social control as well as opportunities to influence its potentially harmful consequences.
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The Psychology of Risk
Author: Glynis M. Breakwell
This accessible new book from Glynis M. Breakwell comprehensively explores the psychology of risk, examining how individuals think, feel and act, as well as considering the institutional and societal assessments, rhetorics and reactions about risk. Featuring chapters on all the major issues in the psychology of risk including risk assessment, hazard perception, decision-making, risk and crisis management, risk and emotion, risk communication, safety cultures, the social amplification and social representation of risk and mechanisms for changing risk responses, Breakwell uses illustrations and examples to bring to life the significance of her research findings. She provides an innovative overview of current knowledge on the subject but also suggests that there are many fascinating questions still to be answered.
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Hormones and Behaviour
Author: Nick Neave
This new textbook from Nick Neave offers a detailed introduction to the fascinating science of behavioral endocrinology from a psychological perspective, examining the relationships between hormones and behavior in both humans and animals. Neave explains the endocrine system and the ways in which hormones can influence brain structure and function, and presents a series of examples to demonstrate how hormones can influence specific behaviors, including sexual determination and differentiation, neurological differentiation, parental behaviours, aggressive behaviours and cognition. This introductory textbook will appeal to second, and third-year social science undergraduate students in psychology and biomedicine.
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Moral Vision and Professional Decisions
Author: Rand Jack
What does it mean today to "think like a lawyer"? Drawing on extensive interviews with men and women attorneys, the authors explore how moral reasoning affects lawyers' understanding of justice and their own role in promoting it. This examination of personal and institutional imperatives in the legal profession, illustrated with quotations from the lawyers themselves, raises questions that transcend traditional discussions of legal ethics. The authors examine: the relationship between gender and patterns of moral thinking; the ways that personal morality affects public and professional responsibility; the legal system's response to social changes in public ethics and in women's roles.
For example, has the recent influx of women to the legal profession brought moral views that challenge the traditional defining characteristics of a lawyer's job? What happens when a lawyer's personal morality conflicts with the role demands of the profession?
In conclusion, the authors offer suggestions for constructive changes in legal education and the code of professional ethics to foster morally responsive democracy. All those concerned with moral reasoning, gender roles, and the evolution of the legal system will find this stimulating and timely reading.
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What Science Offers the Humanities
Author: Edward G. Slingerland
What Science Offers the Humanities examines some of the deep problems facing current approaches to the study of culture. It focuses especially on the excesses of postmodernism, but also acknowledges serious problems with postmodernism's harshest critics. The author provides suggestions for how humanists might begin to utilize these scientific discoveries without conceding that science has the last word on morality, religion, art, and literature. Calling into question such deeply entrenched dogmas as the "blank slate" theory of nature, strong social constructivism, and the ideal of disembodied reason, What Science Offers the Humanities replaces the human-sciences divide with a more integrated approach to the study of culture.
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